Browsing by Subject "beta cell death"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    Elevated unmethylated and methylated insulin DNA are unique markers of A + β + ketosis prone diabetes
    (Elsevier, 2017) Mulukutla, Surya N.; Tersey, Sarah A.; Hampe, Christiane S.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Balasubramanyam, Ashok; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    A + β + ketosis prone diabetes (KPD) is associated with slowly progressive autoimmune beta cell destruction. Plasma unmethylated and methylated insulin DNA (biomarkers of ongoing beta cell damage and systemic inflammation, respectively) were elevated in A + β + KPD compared to all other KPD subgroups.
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    Serum miR-204 is an early biomarker of type 1 diabetes-associated pancreatic beta-cell loss
    (American Physiological Society, 2019-10-07) Xu, Guanlan; Thielen, Lance A.; Chen, Junqin; Grayson, Truman B.; Grimes, Tiffany; Bridges, S. Louis; Tse, Hubert M.; Smith, Blair; Patel, Rakesh; Li, Peng; Evans-Molina, Carmella; Ovalle, Fernando; Shalev, Anath; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Pancreatic beta-cell death is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but straightforward methods to measure beta-cell loss in humans are lacking, underlining the need for novel biomarkers. Using studies in INS-1 cells, human islets, diabetic mice, and serum samples of subjects with T1D at different stages, we have identified serum miR-204 as an early biomarker of T1D-associated beta-cell loss in humans. MiR-204 is a highly enriched microRNA in human beta-cells, and we found that it is released from dying beta-cells and detectable in human serum. We further discovered that serum miR-204 was elevated in children and adults with T1D and in autoantibody-positive at-risk subjects but not in type 2 diabetes or other autoimmune diseases and was inversely correlated with remaining beta-cell function in recent-onset T1D. Thus, serum miR-204 may provide a much needed novel approach to assess early T1D-associated human beta-cell loss even before onset of overt disease.