Browsing by Subject "adulthood"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Developmental Considerations for Assessment and Treatment of Impulsivity in Older Adults
    (Springer, 2020) Liu, Melissa; Argyriou, Eva; Cyders, Melissa A.; Psychology, School of Science
    Impulsivity is an important factor in many clinical disorders, especially alcohol and substance use disorders. Most of the research on impulsivity in this domain has focused on adolescence and young adulthood, as this developmental period is characterized by onset of and escalation in alcohol and substance use, likely driven in part by brain development patterns. Although many individuals eventually “mature out” of these behaviors in middle adulthood, a critical subset of people do not. The role of impulsivity in middle-to-older adulthood, when certain individuals transition from normative to disordered substance use, has not been carefully examined. The goal of this paper is to review the literature on measuring and modifying impulsivity from adolescence through older adulthood, with a special focus on middle-to-older adulthood. We propose that impulsivity research should include data on middle-to-older adulthood as an important time of transition to disordered use. We consider how impulsivity might have unique meaning at different stages of the adult lifespan and suggest modifications for assessing and treating impulsivity in older adults.
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    Editorial: What are the “Doses,” Timing, and Treatment of Childhood Depression That Impact Adulthood?
    (Elsevier, 2021-05) Hulvershorn, Leslie A.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
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    AN EXAMINATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND SEX DIFFERENCES IN ETHANOL CONSUMPTION BY LOW ALCOHOL-CONSUMING RAT LINES
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2012-04-13) Largent, Tammie Rachell; Neal-Beliveau, Bethany S.; Bell, Richard L.
    In the United States, alcohol use and dependence is a major health issue affecting 4-5% of the population (Hasin et al., 2007). Research indicates ad-olescents ages 12-20 drink 11% of all alcohol consumed nationally, with more than 90% consumed in the form of binge drinking (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Similar to the human condition, adolescent rodents generally consume more ethanol than their adult counterparts. Current rat animal model studies on alcoholism remain weighted toward examining Family History Positive (FHP), selectively bred, alcohol-preferring lines. Also, research has generally been focused on ethanol consumption be-havior of male rodents. However, female rodents tend to consume more al-cohol than male rodents (e.g., Adams et al., 1991). In addition, existing re-search on adolescent vs. adult alcohol abuse using “FHP” rats is not paral-leled by research with “Family History Negative” (FHN) rats, which might re-veal factors that prevent/protect an individual from excessive ethanol intake during this crucial stage of development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ethanol consumption by male and female FHN, selectively bred, alcohol-nonpreferring rats during adoles-cence and adulthood. Studying adolescent vs. adult behavior may reveal de-velopmentally-specific, protective factors. Also, examining male versus fe-male behavior may reveal sex-by-development factors guarding against al-cohol abuse. Animals were placed in cages and assigned to experimental conditions defined by the following independent variables: line of rodent, rodent’s sex and age of ethanol exposure. The following dependent measures were exam-ined: changes in body weight as well as water and ethanol consumption. These measures were taken at least 5 days per week. We hypothesized that there would be elevated levels of ethanol con-sumption (g ethanol/kg body weight/day) in (a) adolescent vs. adult rats and (b) female vs. male rats. Future research might focus on gene and/or protein expression differences within certain nuclei of the brain’s reward neurocircuit between the FHP and FHN lines of rats. Currently, some data has been collected and statistically analyzed. Upon completion the study re-sults will be prepared for presentation and manuscript submission. Funded in part by the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Undergraduate Re-search Opportunities Program (UROP)