Browsing by Subject "Zoonoses"
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Item A historical perspective on arboviruses of public health interest in Southern Africa(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Hungwe, Faith T. T.; Laycock, Katherine M.; Ntereke, Tlhalefo D.; Mabaka, Rorisang; Paganotti, Giacomo M.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineArboviruses are an existing and expanding threat globally, with the potential for causing devastating health and socioeconomic impacts. Mitigating this threat necessitates a One Health approach that integrates vector surveillance, rapid disease detection, and innovative prevention and control measures. In Southern Africa, limited data on the epidemiology of arboviruses, their vectors, and their hosts prevent an effective response. We reviewed the current knowledge on arboviruses in Southern Africa and identified opportunities for further research. A literature search was conducted to identify studies published on arboviruses in 10 tropical and temperate countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) from 1900 onward. We identified 280 studies, half (51.1%) originating from South Africa, that described 31 arboviral species, their vectors, and their clinical effects on hosts reported in the region. Arboviral research flourished in the SADC in the mid-20th century but then declined, before reemerging in the last two decades. Recent research consists largely of case reports describing outbreaks. Historical vector surveillance and serosurveys from the mid-20th century suggest that arboviruses are plentiful across Southern Africa, but large gaps remain in the current understanding of arboviral distribution, transmission dynamics, and public health impact.Item Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Children and Adolescents Aged <18 Years with Monkeypox — United States, May 17–September 24, 2022(Center for Disease Control, 2022-11-04) Hennessee, Ian; Shelus, Victoria; McArdle, Cristin E.; Wolf, Maren; Schatzman, Sabrina; Carpenter, Ann; Minhaj, Faisal S.; Petras, Julia K.; Cash-Goldwasser, Shama; Maloney, Meghan; Sosa, Lynn; Jones, Sydney A.; Mangla, Anil T.; Harold, Rachel E.; Beverley, Jason; Saunders, Katharine E.; Adams, Jeremy N.; Stanek, Danielle R.; Feldpausch, Amanda; Pavlick, Jessica; Cahill, Megan; O'Dell, Victoria; Kim, Moon; Alarcón, Jemma; Finn, Lauren E.; Goss, Maura; Duwell, Monique; Crum, David A.; Williams, Thelonious W.; Hansen, Katrina; Heddy, Megan; Mallory, Krystle; McDermott, Darby; Cuadera, Mervin Keith Q.; Adler, Eric; Lee, Ellen H.; Shinall, Amanda; Thomas, Carlen; Ricketts, Erin K.; Koonce, Tammy; Rynk, Dana B.; Cogswell, Kelly; McLafferty, Meagan; Perella, Dana; Stockdale, Catherine; Dell, BreeAnna; Roskosky, Mellisa; White, Stephen L.; Davis, Kenneth R.; Milleron, Rania S.; Mackey, Skyler; Barringer, L. Anna; Bruce, Hollianne; Barrett, Debra; D'Angeli, Marisa; Kocharian, Anna; Klos, Rachel; Dawson, Patrick; Ellington, Sascha R.; Mayer, Oren; Godfred-Cato, Shana; Labuda, Sarah M.; McCormick, David W.; McCollum, Andrea M.; Rao, Agam K.; Salzer, Johanna S.; Kimball, Anne; Gold, Jeremy A. W.; California Department of Public Health Monkeypox Pediatric Working Group; CDC Monkeypox Pediatric Working Group; Pediatrics, School of MedicineData on monkeypox in children and adolescents aged <18 years are limited (1,2). During May 17–September 24, 2022, a total of 25,038 monkeypox cases were reported in the United States,† primarily among adult gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (3). During this period, CDC and U.S. jurisdictional health departments identified Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections in 83 persons aged <18 years, accounting for 0.3% of reported cases. Among 28 children aged 0–12 years with monkeypox, 64% were boys, and most had direct skin-to-skin contact with an adult with monkeypox who was caring for the child in a household setting. Among 55 adolescents aged 13–17 years, most were male (89%), and male-to-male sexual contact was the most common presumed exposure route (66%). Most children and adolescents with monkeypox were non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) (47%) or Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) (35%). Most (89%) were not hospitalized, none received intensive care unit (ICU)–level care, and none died. Monkeypox in children and adolescents remains rare in the United States. Ensuring equitable access to monkeypox vaccination, testing, and treatment is a critical public health priority. Vaccination for adolescents with risk factors and provision of prevention information for persons with monkeypox caring for children might prevent additional infections.Item Indiana State Board of Health Monthly Bulletin, 1906 Vol. 8 No. 6(1906) Keene, T. VictorItem Indiana State Board of Health Monthly Bulletin, 1909 Vol. 12 No. 11(1909) Barnard, H. E.