Browsing by Subject "Yoga"
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Item Adjunctive yoga training for persons with schizophrenia: who benefits?(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Bhatia, Triptish; Gujral, Swathi; Sharma, Vikas; Kumari, Nupur; Wood, Joel; Wesesky, Maribeth A.; Jones, Jacquelynn; Davis, Louanne W.; Iyenger, Satish; Haas, Gretchen L.; Nimgaonkar, Vishwajit L.; Deshpande, Smita N.; Psychiatry, School of MedicineObjective: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with acceptability and efficacy of yoga training (YT) for improving cognitive dysfunction in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ). Methods: We analysed data from two published clinical trials of YT for cognitive dysfunction among Indians with SZ: (1) a 21-day randomised controlled trial (RCT, N = 286), 3 and 6 months follow-up and (2) a 21-day open trial (n = 62). Multivariate analyses were conducted to examine the association of baseline characteristics (age, sex, socio-economic status, educational status, duration, and severity of illness) with improvement in cognition (i.e. attention and face memory) following YT. Factors associated with acceptability were identified by comparing baseline demographic variables between screened and enrolled participants as well as completers versus non-completers. Results: Enrolled participants were younger than screened persons who declined participation (t = 2.952, p = 0.003). No other characteristics were associated with study enrollment or completion. Regarding efficacy, schooling duration was nominally associated with greater and sustained cognitive improvement on a measure of facial memory. No other baseline characteristics were associated with efficacy of YT in the open trial, the RCT, or the combined samples (n = 148). Conclusions: YT is acceptable even among younger individuals with SZ. It also enhances specific cognitive functions, regardless of individual differences in selected psychosocial characteristics. Thus, yoga could be incorporated as adjunctive therapy for patients with SZ. Importantly, our results suggest cognitive dysfunction is remediable in persons with SZ across the age spectrum.Item Can yoga be Christian?(The Conversation US, Inc., 2017-06-21) Jain, Andrea; Religious Studies, School of Liberal ArtsItem Corrigendum: Yoga, Meditation and Mind-Body Health: Increased BDNF, Cortisol Awakening Response, and Altered Inflammatory Marker Expression After a 3-Month Yoga and Meditation Retreat(Frontiers Media, 2022-04-08) Cahn, B. Rael; Goodman, Matthew S.; Peterson, Christine T.; Maturi, Raj; Mills, Paul J.; Ophthalmology, School of Medicine[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00315.].Item Effects of Shambhavi Mahamudra Kriya, a Multicomponent Breath-Based Yogic Practice ( Pranayama), on Perceived Stress and General Well-Being(Sage Publications, 2017-10) Peterson, Christine Tara; Bauer, Sarah M.; Chopra, Deepak; Mills, Paul J.; Maturi, Raj K.; Medicine, School of MedicineStress-induced disorders such as anxiety represent the leading causes of adult disability worldwide. Previous studies indicate that yoga and other contemplative practices such as pranayama, or controlled yogic breathing techniques, may be effective in the treatment of mood disorders and stress. In this study, 142 individuals (mean age = 43 years; SD = 13.90) participated in a 3-day retreat program during which they learned Shambhavi Mahamudra kriya, which is a yogic practice that includes both deep breathing and meditation techniques. Participants were instructed to practice the kriya each day for 21 minutes. After 6 weeks of daily practice, participants reported subjectively lower levels of perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and higher levels of general well-being (General Well-Being Scale) compared to baseline. These results support the notion that Shambhavi Mahamudra kriya may represent a natural treatment for stress reduction.Item Efficacy of yoga for vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014-04) Newton, Katherine M.; Reed, Susan D.; Guthrie, Katherine A.; Sherman, Karen J.; Booth-LaForce, Cathryn; Caan, Bette; Sternfeld, Barbara; Carpenter, Janet S.; Learman, Lee A.; Freeman, Ellen W.; Cohen, Lee S.; Joffe, Hadine; Anderson, Garnet L.; Larson, Joseph C.; Hunt, Julie R.; Ensrud, Kristine E.; LaCroix, Andrea Z.; IU School of NursingOBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the efficacy of yoga in alleviating vasomotor symptoms (VMS) frequency and bother. METHODS: This study was a three-by-two factorial, randomized controlled trial. Eligible women were randomized to yoga (n = 107), exercise (n = 106), or usual activity (n = 142), and were simultaneously randomized to a double-blind comparison of ω-3 fatty acid (n = 177) or placebo (n = 178) capsules. Yoga intervention consisted of 12 weekly 90-minute yoga classes with daily home practice. Primary outcomes were VMS frequency and bother assessed by daily diaries at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index) at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Among 249 randomized women, 237 (95%) completed 12-week assessments. The mean baseline VMS frequency was 7.4 per day (95% CI, 6.6 to 8.1) in the yoga group and 8.0 per day (95% CI, 7.3 to 8.7) in the usual activity group. Intent-to-treat analyses included all participants with response data (n = 237). There was no difference between intervention groups in the change in VMS frequency from baseline to 6 and 12 weeks (mean difference [yoga--usual activity] from baseline at 6 wk, -0.3 [95% CI, -1.1 to 0.5]; mean difference [yoga--usual activity] from baseline at 12 wk, -0.3 [95% CI, -1.2 to 0.6]; P = 0.119 across both time points). Results were similar for VMS bother. At week 12, yoga was associated with an improvement in insomnia symptoms (mean difference [yoga - usual activity] in the change in Insomnia Severity Index, 1.3 [95% CI, -2.5 to -0.1]; P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Among healthy women, 12 weeks of yoga class plus home practice, compared with usual activity, do not improve VMS frequency or bother but reduce insomnia symptoms.Item The Impact of Yoga on Quality of Life after Stroke(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2012-04-13) Schmid, Arlene A.; Van Puymbroeck, Marieke; Miller, Kristine; Altenburger, Peter; Dierks, Tracy; Schalk, Nancy; DeBaun, Erin; Damush, Teresa; Williams, Linda; Chagdes, Stephanie; Dye, Lauren; Moore, Richelle; Racine, LisaAbstract Objective: Evaluate the effect of an innovative 8 week yoga-based rehabilitation intervention on 1) stroke specific quality of life (QoL) and 2) activity and participation scores in veterans with chronic stroke. Rationale/Background: Declines in Quality of Life (QoL), activity, and participation are common after stroke. Such declines are related to increased mortality, dependence, and costs. As more people live with long-term effects of stroke, it is necessary to develop innovative and evidence-based rehabilitation and occupational therapy interventions to improve QoL, activity, and participation in people with chronic stroke. Methods: • Participants- Participants included veterans with chronic stroke (>9 months) who had completed all occupational and physical therapy after stroke, reported some residual disability or functional loss after stroke; and scored >4 out of 6 on the Short Mini Mental Status Exam. • Setting- All data were collected in the Rehabilitation and Integrative Therapy lab at an urban university. • Design- This was a mixed methods pilot study of an 8 week yoga-based rehabilitation intervention. Data were collected before and after the 8 week yoga intervention. Data collection was completed by a trained research assistant. We used paired t-tests and Wilcoxon non-parametirc tests as appropriate to compare group change in scores over the 8-weeks. • Measure(s)- Measures included the Stroke Specific Quality of Life scale (SSQoL) (high score=better QoL) to measure QoL and activity and participation were measured with the ICF Measure of Participation and Activity (IMPACT) (low score=less limitations in activity and participation). Both are valid and reliable instruments. Qualitative comments were collected during focus groups after the intervention. Supportive qualitative comments regarding improved QoL and activity and participation are included. All qualitative comments were reviewed by two researchers, and exemplar quotes are included.Item Isha yoga practices, vegan diet, and participation in Samyama meditation retreat: impact on the gut microbiome & metabolome - a non-randomized trial(BMC, 2023-04-05) Raman, Maitreyi; Vishnubhotla, Ramana; Ramay, Hena R.; Gonçalves, Maria C. B.; Shin, Andrea S.; Pawale, Dhanashri; Subramaniam, Balachundhar; Sadhasivam, Senthilkumar; Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of MedicineBackground: Growing evidence suggests a role for gut bacteria and their metabolites in host-signaling responses along the gut-brain axis which may impact mental health. Meditation is increasingly utilized to combat stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. However, its impact on the microbiome remains unclear. This study observes the effects of preparation and participation in an advanced meditation program (Samyama) implemented with a vegan diet including 50% raw foods, on gut microbiome and metabolites profiles. Methods: There were 288 subjects for this study. Stool samples were collected at 3-time points for meditators and household controls. Meditators prepared for 2 months for the Samyama, incorporating daily yoga and meditation practices with a vegan diet including 50% raw foods. Subjects were requested to submit stool samples for 3 time points - 2 months before Samyama (T1), right before Samyama (T2), and 3 months following Samyama (T3). 16 s rRNA sequencing was used to study participants' microbiome. Alpha and beta diversities along with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) were assessed. Metabolomics were performed on a mass spectrometer coupled to a UHLPC system and analyzed by El-MAVEN software. Results: Alpha diversity showed no significant differences between meditators and controls, while beta diversity showed significant changes (padj = 0.001) after Samyama in meditators' microbiota composition. After the preparation phase, changes in branched short-chain fatty acids, higher levels of iso-valerate (padj = 0.02) and iso-buytrate (padj = 0.019) were observed at T2 in meditators. Other metabolites were also observed to have changed in meditators at timepoint T2. Conclusion: This study examined the impact of an advanced meditation program combined with a vegan diet on the gut microbiome. There was an increase in beneficial bacteria even three months after the completion of the Samyama program. Further study is warranted to validate current observations and investigate the significance and mechanisms of action related to diet, meditation, and microbial composition and function, on psychological processes, including mood.Item The experience of yoga for persons with complex interpersonal trauma: A phenomenological approach(Elsevier, 2022) Bennett, Lindsay M.; Starnino, Vincent R.; School of Social WorkBackground and Purpose: Complex Interpersonal Trauma is a phenomenon with great impact on the American population. Persons who have survived complex interpersonal traumas can experience symptoms beyond what is captured in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual's (DSM-5) diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Yoga is an ancient practice that has been found to have healing benefit for persons impacted by complex interpersonal trauma. The purpose of this study is to further the body of clinical research in support of yoga as a therapeutic intervention. Materials and methods: This study uses transcendental phenomenology methodology to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of yoga for those who have survived complex interpersonal trauma. Narrative interviews were used to gather data, yielding insight that aligns with current findings in literature supporting yoga as a healing intervention. The sample size for this study was five participants. Results: This study's findings shed light on the benefits of yoga for persons with complex interpersonal trauma. Themes discovered include transformation through yoga, comparing holistic benefits through opposing yoga styles, community and relationships, and trauma healing. Conclusion: This study and its findings offer implications for clinical social work practice to incorporate yoga as a therapeutic intervention for trauma.Item The Pain Outcomes Comparing Yoga vs. Structured Exercise (POYSE) Trial in Veterans With Fibromyalgia: Study Design and Methods(Frontiers Media, 2022-07-07) Allsop, Vivianne L.; Schmid, Arlene A.; Miller, Kristine K.; Slaven, James E.; Daggy, Joanne K.; Froman, Amanda; Kline, Matthew; Sargent, Christy; French, Dustin D.; Ang, Dennis; Van Puymbroeck, Marieke; Schalk, Nancy L.; Bair, Matthew J.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: Fibromyalgia is a common pain condition that often leads to significant disability. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of most medications for fibromyalgia is limited, and there is a need for alternative, non-pharmacological therapies. Yoga and aerobic exercise are both evidence-based non-pharmacological treatments for fibromyalgia. However, no prior studies have directly compared the effectiveness of yoga vs. exercise. Objective: This article describes the study design and recruitment outcomes of the Pain Outcomes comparing Yoga vs. Structured Exercise (POYSE) Trial, a two-arm randomized comparative effectiveness trial. Methods: Veterans with fibromyalgia, defined by the 2010 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria, who also experienced at least moderate pain severity were enrolled. The participants were randomized to a 12-week yoga-based or a structured exercise program (SEP) and will undergo comprehensive outcome assessments at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 9 months by interviewers blinded to treatment assignment. The primary outcome will be the overall severity of fibromyalgia as measured by the total Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised. Secondary outcomes included depression, anxiety, health-related quality of life, pain beliefs, fatigue, sleep, and self-efficacy. Results: A total of 2,671 recruitment letters were sent to potential participants with fibromyalgia. Of the potential participants, 623 (23.3%) were able to be contacted by telephone and had their eligibility assessed. Three hundred seventy-one of those interviewed were found to be eligible (59.6%) and 256 (69.0%) agreed to participate and were randomized to the YOGA (n = 129) or the SEP (n = 127) arm of the trial. Conclusions: Clinicians are faced with numerous challenges in treating patients with fibromyalgia. The interventions being tested in the POYSE trial have the potential to provide primary care and other care settings with new treatment options for clinicians while simultaneously providing a much needed relief for patients suffering from fibromyalgia.