Browsing by Subject "Turkey"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Academic Freedom and University Autonomy: A comparative analysis of the Turkish higher education system
    (2011-03-10) Norris, Kristin E.
    The article provides an overview of the faculty profession in less developed countries including academic appointments and the tenure system, discusses issues related to academic freedom and autonomy of work, then discusses the influence of these factors in the Turkish higher education system.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Country Report 2018: Turkey
    (2018) Ersen, Tevfik Basak; Varon, Liana; Tekmen, Hilal
    The legal framework only recognizes the formation of associations and foundations as legal entities. Other forms of collective action (e.g. initiatives, nonprofit companies, groups, networks) are not recognized and are not provided legal entity status. In addition to associations and foundations, platforms/initiatives are also recognized by law but not accepted as legal entities. POs cannot participate in economic activities directly, and they need to establish separate economic entities for such purposes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Determinants of Formal Giving in Turkey
    (2017) Çarkoğlu, Ali; Aytaç, Selim Erdem; Campbell, David A.
    This article shares the results of a recent study on individual giving to civil society organizations in Turkey. Using interview data collected from a random sample of 2,495 Turkish citizens in 2015, we estimate that about 12% to 13% of the Turkish population engage in giving, a relatively low figure compared to international giving. We find that being male, being educated, being satisfied with one’s income, being satisfied with one’s economic circumstances, being a rural resident, as well as one’s level of religiosity, civic activism, and institutional trust are all positively associated with giving in Turkey. Our findings provide a foundation for understanding philanthropic giving in Turkey and contribute to ongoing research about determinants of individual giving across countries.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Gezi Park Protests and the Escalation and De-escalation of Political Contention
    (Taylor and Francis, 2019) Demirel-Pegg, Tijen; Political Science, School of Liberal Arts
    This study argues that escalation and de-escalation processes lie at the heart of protest campaigns. These processes are largely determined by the interactions between protesters and governments, as well as the timing and types of strategies and tactics employed. The study examines the dynamics between the Turkish government and the protesters during the 2013 Gezi Protest Campaign. This campaign escalated quickly by generating massive support from different segments of the Turkish society in its earlier days, and then de-escalated and eventually demobilized without securing major concessions. By using original data collected from a Turkish newspaper, Cumhuriyet, the study illustrates how the trajectory of the Gezi campaign changed in response to the interactive dynamics between the government and the dissidents.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Military Counterterrorism Measures, Civil–Military Relations, and Democracy: The Cases of Turkey and the United States
    (Taylor and Francis, 2018) Satana, Nil S.; Demirel-Pegg, Tijen; Political Science, School of Liberal Arts
    This study examines how military counter-terrorism (CT) measures affect the quality of democracy by altering civil-military relations (CMR) and focuses on civil-military relations as the main causal mechanism. We argue that the use of a military approach in counter-terrorism jeopardizes democracy at the societal level by increasing the belief that only the military is equipped to deal with the threat at hand. Therefore, erosions of civil liberties are tolerated in exchange for security. Second, we argue that military CT measures change the balance between the military and executive powers in procedural and liberal democracies. While the military’s executive power increases in procedural democracies, the civilian ruler’s control of the military power increases in liberal ones. Case studies of the U.S. and Turkey show that a military counter-terrorism approach affects CMR in these countries, which generate a similar tradeoff between security and the quality of democracy, albeit via different causal mechanisms. While that tradeoff is less severe in the U.S., Turkey is more vulnerable to erosion of democracy.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Partisanship Versus Democracy: Voting in Turkey’s Competitive Authoritarian Elections
    (SAGE, 2021-07-25) Demirel-Pegg, Tijen; Dusso, Aaron; Political Science, School of Liberal Arts
    Do voters care about anti-democratic behavior by their leaders? While political pundits and academics often hope that they do, there has been little research that tests the effects that specific anti-democratic actions have on voters during elections. This is because there are few clear instances where violations of democratic norms are so visible to the average voter that one would expect it to have an effect, above and beyond traditional predictors of the vote. However, the recent elections in Turkey offer a unique opportunity to test the effect that nullifying an entire election (an unequivocal violation of democratic norms) has on voters. We do exactly that with a survey of voters following the election re-do. We find that even in such an extraordinary circumstance, voters rely on standard voting drivers like partisanship, rather than concern for the functioning of democracy itself. Ultimately, our findings have important implications for voting in competitive authoritarian regimes, as they fail to show that anti-democratic behavior is punished.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Türkiye Giving Report
    (Muslim Philanthropy Initiative, IU Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, 2024-10-01) Kesgin, Selman; Haque, Nazmul; Thapa, Sitashma; Cheema, Jehanzeb; Wasif, Rafeel; Siddiqui, Shariq; Durak, Muhammed Burkay; Abu-Rumman, Samir
    Türkiye is a nationalist, secular, parliamentary democracy, which has a unique geographic passageway between the continents of Europe and Asia. Türkiye is recognized as one of the leading donors of humanitarian aid when measured in proportion to its national income. The tradition of charity (almsgiving) is deeply rooted in society which inherited from its long and old glorious past, especially from the Ottoman empire. Moreover, Islam along other religions play crucial role in philanthropic endeavors. Foundations, charities, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are considered formal forms of philanthropy in Türkiye, while informal philanthropy is based on community-based spontaneous acts charity. This report aims to understand charitable giving trends across major urban centers in the Republic of Türkiye. The survey was conducted in various urban cities with 1,210 adult respondents with a questionnaire focusing on demographic characteristics, charitable giving, zakat, and volunteerism. The report explores the motivations behind both general charitable giving and Zakat giving. The report indicates that the majority of giving is in-kind while a significant number of donors engaged in volunteering activities in time of disaster. The report also addresses the trust issues related to civil societies and charities among individuals.