Browsing by Subject "Tooth Wear"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Efficacy of resin-based materials against erosive-abrasive wear in vitro
    (2015) Capin, Oriana Reis; Hara, Anderson T.; Cook, N. Blane; Platt, Jeffrey A.; Masatoshi, Ando; Lippert, Frank
    Background: Increasing prevalence of dental erosion has been observed in many countries, in both children and adults. This condition is often associated with softening of the dental surface by acid exposure, which may lead to severe and irreversible damage. The use of fluoride, pit and fissure sealants, dental adhesives and more recently a resin infiltrant has been suggested to manage dental erosion. Objective: To compare the protective effect of a resin infiltrant and other resin-based materials against dental erosion/toothbrushing abrasion in vitro. Materials and methods: Bovine enamel and dentin slabs were prepared, embedded, flattened and polished. Dental erosion lesions were created using 0.01 M of hydrochloric acid (pH 2.3 for 30 sec) and treated with resin-based materials (HS: Helioseal pit and fissure sealant; SP: Seal and Protect dentin 78 sealant, and IC: Icon resin infiltrant) or fluoride varnish (FV: Duraphat). A no-treatment group represented the negative control (C). The specimens were subjected to an erosion-abrasion cycling model for a total of 10 days. Each cycling day consisted of 2 min immersion in 0.01M HCl, at room temperature, for 4 times; and toothbrushing with either of the abrasive suspensions (low and high, as previously determined by the radioactive dentin abrasivity method). Enamel and dentin surfaces were scanned at baseline, after treatment, at 5 days and at 10 days using an optical profilometer. Surface change (loss/gain) was determined by subtracting the treated area from the reference (protected) areas. Significance level of 5% was adopted for the statistical analysis. Results: No differences were found among groups at baseline, regardless of substrate. After treatment, surface deposition was found for all test groups except for IC, which did not differ from C. For enamel, at day 5, FV, HS and SP had less surface loss than C and IC (p<0.0008), which did not differ from each other (p=1.00). At day 10, similar trend was observed except for FV, which showed surface loss similar to C, when brushed with high abrasive suspension. High abrasive caused more surface loss than low abrasive only for C at day 5 (p=0.0117) and 10 (p=0.0162). For dentin, at day 5, FV, HS and SP had less surface loss than C and IC (p≤0.0001), which did not differ from each other (p=1.00). At day 10, HS and SP had less surface loss than C, IC, and FV (p<0.0001), and FV had less surface loss than C for low abrasive (p=0.0009). Overall, high abrasive had significantly more surface loss than low abrasive at 10 days (p=0.0280). Conclusion: HS was the most effective material protecting enamel and dentin from erosion-abrasion, followed by SP. FV offered limited protection, while no benefit was observed for resin infitrant IC.
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    In-Vitro-Simulated Occlusal Tooth Wear Monitoring by Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography
    (2019) Alwadai, Ghadeer; Hara, Anderson T.; Diefenderfer, Kim; Lipppert, Frank; Cook, Norman
    Background: Erosive tooth wear (ETW) is the loss of tooth substance due to chemo-mechanical action unrelated to bacteria. ETW affects approximately 46 percent of children/adolescents and 80 percent of adults in the U.S. Visual examination indices are available for the clinical assessment of ETW. Although useful, they are subjective and heavily based on the clinical experience of the examiner. Some quantitative techniques have been proposed and used for clinically assessing erosive tooth wear, including quantitative light-induced fluorescence, ultrasonic measurement, and more recently, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the ability of PS-OCT to objectively measure erosive tooth wear on occlusal surfaces. Method: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, 10 sound extracted human lower first premolars were selected and then exposed to tooth wear simulation gradually. PS-OCT and micro computed tomography (μ-CT) were used to evaluate enamel thickness of those premolars at the buccal cusp tip during the simulation. In phase 2, 40 extracted human lower first premolars with different severity levels of ETW on occlusal surfaces were selected based on the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. A total of 10 teeth (n =10) were selected for each BEWE score (0/1/2/3). PS-OCT and μ-CT were used to evaluate the enamel thickness at the highest point on the occlusal surface. Results: There was good agreement between PS-OCT and μ-CT in both phases (phase 1: 0.89 and phase 2: 0.97) with no significant difference between PS-OCT and μ-CT. Conclusion: This result shows the potential of PS-OCT as reliable method for measuring enamel thickness and monitoring tooth wear progression on the occlusal surface
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    Monitoring of Simulated Erosive Tooth Wear by Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography
    (2019-06) Alghilan, Maryam Abdulkareem; Hara, Anderson T.; Lippert, Frank; Platt, Jeffrey A.; González-Cabezas, Carlos; Fried, Daniel
    Erosive tooth wear (ETW) is an emerging dental condition manifested clinically as tooth surface loss, eventually impairing the teeth’s structural integrity, function, and esthetics. Both research and practice are in need of a quantitative, non-destructive method to monitor ETW. Cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT), an advanced imaging tool, shows great potential to fulfill this need, but its feasibility and shortcomings remain unclear. In this dissertation, I explored the capability of CP-OCT to monitor ETW in three in vitro studies, one per chapter. Chapter 2 investigated the effects of enamel surface roughness and dental erosion severity on CP-OCT dental surface loss measurements. Chapter 3 tested the effects of enamel surface roughness and dental erosion on CP-OCT enamel thickness measurements at different simulated wear levels. Chapter 4 explored the ability of CP-OCT to quantify the thickness of natural and wornout enamel surfaces and to estimate longitudinally the wear depths resulting from simulated wear. I concluded: (1) enamel surface roughness did not affect CP-OCT measurements of enamel surface loss, however, the estimated error limited the appropriate assessment of the initial stages of dental erosion surface loss using CP-OCT; (2) enamel surface roughness and dental erosion did not affect CP-OCT enamel thickness measurements, and the CP-OCT differentiated the simulated enamel wear levels; and (3) CP-OCT quantified thickness of natural enamel before, during, and after the tooth wear simulation and allowed wear depth estimation following the simulated wear.