Browsing by Subject "Survival Rate"

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    A retrospective clinical study of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations in the primary posterior dentition
    (2023-06-01) Dean, Jeffrey A.; Peterson, Hans; Moawad, Amal N. A.; Sanders, Brian J.; Al-Hosainy, Ashraf
    The study's objective was to evaluate the survival rate of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) when used in a capsule form for restoring primary molars. The study was performed in a private pediatric dental practice in Indianapolis, Indiana. Patients included in this retrospective study had at least one RMGI restoration that had been in place at least 12 months previous to the restoration exam and chart review., The material used was Fuji II LC in capsules (GC., Alsip, IL). The cavity preparations were similar to that of amalgam restorations except that there was less extension for prevention, they were more conservative and with rounded line angles. The restorations were placed per the manufacturer’s instructions. The restorations were evaluated using a grading system that is a modification of the one used by Gunner Ryge. The results were as follows: 114 restorations were evaluated in 48 patients with a mean age of restorations of 35.42 months (12 to 76 months). The restorations received Alpha and Bravo grades for Marginal Integrity and for Wear at a rate of 96.0 and 95.6%, respectively, and 95.0% had no Recurrent Caries. The study showed a 93% success rate for restorations. This result supports previous research in that RMGI may be the material of choice when attempting to intracoronally restore primary molars. Also, the use of the capsule form which is mixed through trituration eliminated possible hand mixing errors, and the use of application tips and bulk filling the cavity might improve the overall strength of the restorations.
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    B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plasma level at the time of chronic GvHD diagnosis is a potential predictor of non-relapse mortality
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2017-07) Saliba, R.M.; Sarantopoulos, S.; Kitko, C.L.; Pawarode, A.; Goldstein, S.C.; Magenau, J.; Alousi, A.M.; Churay, T.; Justman, H.; Paczesny, Sophie; Reddy, P.; Couriel, D.R.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Biological markers for risk stratification of chronic GvHD (cGvHD) could improve the care of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Increased plasma levels of B-cell activating factor (BAFF), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9) and elafin have been associated with the diagnosis, but not with outcome in patients with cGvHD. We evaluated the association between levels of these soluble proteins, measured by ELISA at the time of cGvHD diagnosis and before the initiation of therapy, with non-relapse-mortality (NRM). Based on the log-transformed values, factor levels were divided into tertiles defined respectively as low, intermediate, and high levels. On univariable analysis, BAFF levels were significantly associated with NRM, whereas CXCL9 and elafin levels were not. Both low (⩽2.3 ng/mL, hazard ratio (HR)=5.8, P=0.03) and high (>5.7 ng/mL, HR=5.4, P=0.03) BAFF levels were associated with a significantly higher NRM compared with intermediate BAFF level. The significant effect of high or low BAFF levels persisted in multivariable analysis. A subset of cGvHD patients had persistently low BAFF levels. In conclusion, our data show that BAFF levels at the time of cGvHD diagnosis are associated with NRM, and also are potentially useful for risk stratification. These results warrant confirmation in larger studies.
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    Further Characterization of the Mitigation of Radiation Lethality by Protective Wounding
    (Radiation Research Society, 2017-06) Dynlacht, Joseph R.; Garrett, Joy; Joel, Rebecca; Lane, Katharina; Mendonca, Marc S.; Orschell, Christie M.; Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine
    There continues to be a major effort in the United States to develop mitigators for the treatment of mass casualties that received high-intensity acute ionizing radiation exposures from the detonation of an improvised nuclear device during a radiological terrorist attack. The ideal countermeasure should be effective when administered after exposure, and over a wide range of absorbed doses. We have previously shown that the administration of a subcutaneous incision of a defined length, if administered within minutes after irradiation, protected young adult female C57BL/6 mice against radiation-induced lethality, and increased survival after total-body exposure to an LD50/30 X-ray dose from 50% to over 90%. We refer to this approach as "protective wounding". In this article, we report on our efforts to further optimize, characterize and demonstrate the validity of the protective wounding response by comparing the response of female and male mice, varying the radiation dose, the size of the wound, and the timing of wounding with respect to administration of the radiation dose. Both male and female mice that received a subcutaneous incision after irradiation were significantly protected from radiation lethality. We observed that the extent of protection against lethality after an LD50/30 X-ray dose was independent of the size of the subcutaneous cut, and that a 3 mm subcutaneous incision is effective at enhancing the survival of mice exposed to a broad range of radiation doses (LD15-LD100). Over the range of 6.2-6.7 Gy, the increase in survival observed in mice that received an incision was associated with an enhanced recovery of hematopoiesis. The enhanced rate of recovery of hematopoiesis was preceded by an increase in the production of a select group of cytokines. Thus, a thorough knowledge of the timing of the cytokine cascade after wounding could aid in the development of novel pharmacological radiation countermeasures that can be administered several days after the actual radiation exposure.