Browsing by Subject "Subcutaneous fat"

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    Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue associations with postmenopausal breast cancer incidence
    (Oxford University Press, 2025) Bea, Jennifer W.; Ochs-Balcom, Heather M.; Valencia, Celina I.; Chen, Zhao; Blew, Robert M.; Lind, Kimberly E.; Caan, Bette J.; Roe, Denise J.; Rohan, Thomas E.; Reeves, Katherine W.; Manson, JoAnn E.; Ballinger, Tarah; Reding, Kerryn W.; Follis, Shawna; Ziller, Shelby G.; Odegaard, Andrew O.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: Obesity, classified by body mass index (BMI), is associated with higher postmenopausal breast cancer (BCa) risk. Yet, the associations between abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with BCa are unclear. Methods: We assessed BCa associations with abdominal VAT and SAT in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women without a history of cancer and with 27 years follow-up (N = 9950), during which all new cancers were adjudicated. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans assessed adiposity at baseline, year 3, and year 6. Competing-risks multivariable sub-hazard ratios (SHR), with adjustments for sociodemographic, behavioral, reproductive, and anthropometric characteristics, were estimated for baseline and time-dependent associations between VAT, SAT, and incident BCa. Results: Participants averaged 63.3 ± 7.4 years of age and a BMI of 28.20 ± 5.72 kg/m2 at baseline. The models included 738 incident BCa case patients (N = 593 invasive; N = 145 in situ). Baseline VAT and SAT area were associated with statistically significantly increased BCa risk, by 36% and 19%, respectively. Increasing VAT/SAT ratio was associated with an 8% increase in incident BCa. Time-dependent models produced similar results. VAT and VAT/SAT associated BCa risk was highest for African American/Black women, although not statistically significantly different from other groups. Quartiles (Q) of VAT/SAT were also explored; the SHR for Q4 compared with Q1 was 1.49 (95% CI = 1.18 to 1.87). Conclusion: Higher abdominal VAT and SAT are associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal BCa, and VAT/SAT may provide a distinctive risk estimate. Potential racial and ethnic differences require replication in a larger sample.
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    Associations of Body Fat Distribution and Cardiometabolic Risk of Testicular Cancer Survivors After Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy
    (Oxford University Press, 2022) Wibmer, Andreas G.; Dinh, Paul C., Jr.; Travis, Lois B.; Chen, Carol; Bromberg, Maria; Zheng, Junting; Capanu, Marinela; Sesso, Howard D.; Feldman, Darren R.; Vargas, Hebert Alberto; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: It is unknown how body fat distribution modulates the cardiometabolic risk of testicular cancer survivors after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Methods: For 455 patients enrolled in the Platinum Study at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue was quantified on prechemotherapy computed tomography. The VAT-to-SAT ratio was calculated as a quantitative measure of central adiposity. Endpoints were incidence of new posthemotherapy cardiometabolic disease (new antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, or diabetes medication), and postchemotherapy Framingham risk scores. Cox models and linear regression with interaction terms were applied. Postchemotherapy body fat distribution was analyzed in 108 patients. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results: The baseline median age was 31 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 26-39 years), body mass index (BMI) was 26 kg/m2 (IQR = 24-29 kg/m2), and the VAT-to-SAT ratio was 0.49 (IQR = 0.31-0.75). The median follow-up was 26 months (IQR = 16-59 months). Higher prechemotherapy VAT-to-SAT ratios inferred a higher likelihood of new cardiometabolic disease among patients with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater (age-adjusted hazard ratio = 3.14, 95% confidence interval = 1.02 to 9.71, P = .047), but not other BMI groups. The prechemotherapy VAT-to-SAT ratio was associated with postchemotherapy Framingham risk scores in univariate regression analysis (exp(β)-estimate: 2.10, 95% confidence interval = 1.84 to 2.39, P < .001); in a multivariable model, this association was stronger in younger vs older individuals. BMI increased in most patients after chemotherapy and correlated with increases in the VAT-to-SAT ratio (Spearman r = 0.39, P < .001). Conclusions: In testicular cancer survivors, central adiposity is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk after cisplatin-based chemotherapy, particularly in obese or young men. Weight gain after chemotherapy occurs preferentially in the visceral compartment, providing insight into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in this population.