Browsing by Subject "Stone analysis"

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    Urine and stone analysis for the investigation of the renal stone former: a consensus conference
    (SpringerLink, 2021-02) Williams, James C., Jr.; Gambaro, Giovanni; Rodgers, Allen; Asplin, John; Bonny, Olivier; Costa-Bauzá, Antonia; Ferraro, Pietro Manuel; Fogazzi, Giovanni; Fuster, Daniel G.; Goldfarb, David S.; Grases, Félix; Heilberg, Ita P.; Kok, Dik; Letavernier, Emmanuel; Lippi, Giuseppe; Marangella, Martino; Nouvenne, Antonio; Petrarulo, Michele; Siener, Roswitha; Tiselius, Hans-Göran; Traxer, Olivier; Trinchieri, Alberto; Croppi, Emanuele; Robertson, William G.; Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine
    The Consensus Group deliberated on a number of questions concerning urine and stone analysis over a period of months, and then met to develop consensus. The Group concluded that analyses of urine and stones should be routine in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary stone diseases. At present, the 24-h urine is the most useful type of urine collection, and accepted methods for analysis are described. Patient education is also important for obtaining a proper urine sample. Graphical methods for reporting urine analysis results can be helpful both for the physician and for educating the patient as to proper dietary changes that could be beneficial. Proper analysis of stones is also essential for diagnosis and management of patients. The Consensus Group also agreed that research has shown that evaluation of urinary crystals could be very valuable, but the Group also recognizes that existing methods for assessment of crystalluria do not allow this to be part of stone treatment in many places.
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    Using micro computed tomographic imaging for analyzing kidney stones
    (French Académie des Sciences, 2021) Williams, James C., Jr.; Lingeman, James E.; Daudon, Michel; Bazin, Dominique; Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine
    Stone analysis is a critical part of the clinical characterization of urolithiasis. This article reviews the strengths and limitations of micro CT in the analysis of stones. Using micro CT alone in a series of 757 stone specimens, micro CT identified the 458 majority calcium oxalate specimens with a sensitivity of 99.6% and specificity of 95.3%. Micro CT alone was also successful in identifying majority apatite, brushite, uric acid, and struvite stones. For some minor minerals—such as apatite in calcium oxalate or calcium salts in uric acid stones—micro CT enables the detection of minute quantities well below 1%. The addition of a standard for calibrating X-ray attenuation values improves the ability of micro CT to identify common stone minerals. The three-dimensional nature of micro CT also allows for the visualization of surface features in stones, which is valuable for the study of stone formation.