Browsing by Subject "Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck"

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    Histopathologic Features of Mucosal Head and Neck Cancer Cachexia
    (Hindawi, 2024-06-27) Jones, Alexander J.; Novinger, Leah J.; Bonetto, Andrea; Davis, Kyle P.; Giuliano, Marelle M.; Mantravadi, Avinash V.; Sim, Michael W.; Moore, Michael G.; Yesensky, Jessica A.; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objective: Determine the histopathologic features that correlate with head and neck cancer (HNC) cachexia. Methods: A single-institution, retrospective study was performed on adults with HPV-negative, mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the aerodigestive tract undergoing resection and free flap reconstruction from 2014 to 2019. Patients with distant metastases were excluded. Demographics, comorbidities, preoperative nutrition, and surgical pathology reports were collected. Comparisons of histopathologic features and cachexia severity were made. Results: The study included 222 predominantly male (64.9%) patients aged 61.3 ± 11.8 years. Cachexia was identified in 57.2% patients, and 18.5% were severe (≥15% weight loss). No differences in demographics were identified between the groups. Compared to control, patients with severe cachexia had lower serum hemoglobin (p=0.048) and albumin (p < 0.001), larger tumor diameter (p < 0.001), greater depth of invasion (p < 0.001), and elevated proportions of pT4 disease (p < 0.001), pN2-N3 disease (p=0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.009), and extranodal extension (p=0.014). Multivariate logistic regression identified tumor size (OR [95% CI] = 1.36 [1.08-1.73]), oral cavity tumor (OR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.11-0.84]), and nodal burden (OR [95% CI] = 1.16 [0.98-1.38]) as significant histopathologic contributors of cancer cachexia. Conclusions: Larger, more invasive tumors with nodal metastases and aggressive histologic features are associated with greater cachexia severity in mucosal HNC.
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    Molecular classification of human papilloma virus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: Cell cycle-based classifier and prognostic signature
    (Public Library of Science, 2023-10-30) Gu, Hao; Li, Tingxuan; Beeraka, Narasimha M.; Zheng, Yufei; Zhang, Xintan; Song, Ruixia; Zhou, Runze; Wang, Xiaoyan; Sukocheva, Olga; Fan, Ruitai; Liu, Junqi; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    The molecular classification of human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) remains questionable. Differentially expressed genes were detected between tumor and normal tissues and GSEA showed they are associated with cell cycle pathways. This study aimed to classify HPV-negative HNSCCs based on cell cycle-related genes. The established gene pattern was correlated with tumor progression, clinical prognosis, and drug treatment efficacy. Biological analysis was performed using HNSCC patient sample data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. All samples included in this study contained survival information. RNA sequencing data from 740 samples were used for the analysis. Previously characterized cell cycle-related genes were included for unsupervised consensus clustering. Two subtypes of HPV-negative HNSCCs (C1, C2) were identified. Subtype C1 displayed low cell cycle activity, 'hot' tumor microenvironment (TME), earlier N stage, lower pathological grade, better prognosis, and higher response rate to the immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Subtype C2 was associated with higher cell cycle activity, 'cold' TME, later N stage, higher pathological grade, worse prognosis, and lower response rate to the treatment. According to the nearest template prediction method, classification rules were established and verified. Our work explored the molecular mechanism of HPV-negative HNSCCs in the view of cell cycle and might provide new sights for personalized anti-cancer treatment.
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    Safety and Activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in People Living With HIV and Cancer: A Real-World Report From the Cancer Therapy Using Checkpoint Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-International (CATCH-IT) Consortium
    (American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2023) El Zarif, Talal; Nassar, Amin H.; Adib, Elio; Fitzgerald, Bailey G.; Huang, Jiaming; Mouhieddine, Tarek H.; Rubinstein, Paul G.; Nonato, Taylor; McKay, Rana R.; Li, Mingjia; Mittra, Arjun; Owen, Dwight H.; Baiocchi, Robert A.; Lorentsen, Michael; Dittus, Christopher; Dizman, Nazli; Falohun, Adewunmi; Abdel-Wahab, Noha; Diab, Adi; Bankapur, Anand; Reed, Alexandra; Kim, Chul; Arora, Aakriti; Shah, Neil J.; El-Am, Edward; Kozaily, Elie; Abdallah, Wassim; Al-Hader, Ahmad; Ghazal, Batool Abu; Saeed, Anwaar; Drolen, Claire; Lechner, Melissa G.; Drakaki, Alexandra; Baena, Javier; Nebhan, Caroline A.; Haykal, Tarek; Morse, Michael A.; Cortellini, Alessio; Pinato, David J.; Pria, Alessia Dalla; Hall, Evan; Bakalov, Veli; Bahary, Nathan; Rajkumar, Aarthi; Mangla, Ankit; Shah, Vishal; Singh, Parminder; Nana, Frank Aboubakar; Lopetegui-Lia, Nerea; Dima, Danai; Dobbs, Ryan W.; Funchain, Pauline; Saleem, Rabia; Woodford, Rachel; Long, Georgina V.; Menzies, Alexander M.; Genova, Carlo; Barletta, Giulia; Puri, Sonam; Florou, Vaia; Idossa, Dame; Saponara, Maristella; Queirolo, Paola; Lamberti, Giuseppe; Addeo, Alfredo; Bersanelli, Melissa; Freeman, Dory; Xie, Wanling; Reid, Erin G.; Chiao, Elizabeth Y.; Sharon, Elad; Johnson, Douglas B.; Ramaswami, Ramya; Bower, Mark; Emu, Brinda; Marron, Thomas U.; Choueiri, Toni K.; Baden, Lindsey R.; Lurain, Kathryn; Sonpavde, Guru P.; Naqash, Abdul Rafeh; Graduate Medical Education, School of Medicine
    Purpose: Compared with people living without HIV (PWOH), people living with HIV (PWH) and cancer have traditionally been excluded from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) trials. Furthermore, there is a paucity of real-world data on the use of ICIs in PWH and cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included PWH treated with anti-PD-1- or anti-PD-L1-based therapies for advanced cancers. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Objective response rates (ORRs) were measured per RECIST 1.1 or other tumor-specific criteria, whenever feasible. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) was used to compare OS and PFS between matched PWH and PWOH with metastatic NSCLC (mNSCLC). Results: Among 390 PWH, median age was 58 years, 85% (n = 331) were males, 36% (n = 138) were Black; 70% (n = 274) received anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 monotherapy. Most common cancers were NSCLC (28%, n = 111), hepatocellular carcinoma ([HCC]; 11%, n = 44), and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC; 10%, n = 39). Seventy percent (152/216) had CD4+ T cell counts ≥200 cells/µL, and 94% (179/190) had HIV viral load <400 copies/mL. Twenty percent (79/390) had any grade immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and 7.7% (30/390) had grade ≥3 irAEs. ORRs were 69% (nonmelanoma skin cancer), 31% (NSCLC), 16% (HCC), and 11% (HNSCC). In the matched mNSCLC cohort (61 PWH v 110 PWOH), 20% (12/61) PWH and 22% (24/110) PWOH had irAEs. Adjusted 42-month RMST difference was -0.06 months (95% CI, -5.49 to 5.37; P = .98) for PFS and 2.23 months (95% CI, -4.02 to 8.48; P = .48) for OS. Conclusion: Among PWH, ICIs demonstrated differential activity across cancer types with no excess toxicity. Safety and activity of ICIs were similar between matched cohorts of PWH and PWOH with mNSCLC.