Browsing by Subject "Sleep"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 44
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    A One-year Longitudinal Study of the Stress, Sleep, and Parenting of Mothers of Toddlers
    (Elsevier, 2022) McQuillan, Maureen E.; Bates, John E.; Staples, Angela D.; Deater-Deckard, Kirby; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Objectives: The present study, building on cross-sectional research showing links between mothers' sleep, stress, and parenting, used a longitudinal design to consider (1) the temporal direction of links between mothers' sleep and stress, (2) whether mother sleep deficits predict change in parenting across time, and (3) whether mother sleep deficits mediate the inverse association between stress and positive parenting. Design: The study used repeated measures of stress, mother sleep, and positive parenting at toddler ages 30, 36, and 42 months. Setting: Data were collected at 2 sites, one in the Midwest and one in the East. Participants: Four hundred thirteen mother-toddler pairs were followed. Mothers were mostly married, college educated, and middle class, but there was also considerable variability between families. Measurements: Stress was measured via parenting hassles, CHAOS, and role overload scales. Mother sleep was measured via actigraphy. Positive parenting was observed during the bedtime routine and rated using the HOME scale and other items. Results: Mother stress and sleep were inextricably linked across toddlerhood, and worse sleep was predictive of less observed positive parenting, even when controlling for prior levels of stress and parenting. Conclusions: Improving mothers' sleep may be important in efforts to improve their parenting.
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    Acceptance and commitment therapy for symptom interference in metastatic breast cancer patients: a pilot randomized trial
    (Springer Nature, 2018-06) Mosher, Catherine E.; Secinti, Ekin; Li, Ruohong; Hirsh, Adam T.; Bricker, Jonathan; Miller, Kathy D.; Schneider, Bryan; Storniolo, Anna Maria; Mina, Lida; Newton, Erin V.; Champion, Victoria L.; Johns, Shelley A.; Psychology, School of Science
    PURPOSE: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. With medical advances, metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients often live for years with many symptoms that interfere with activities. However, there is a paucity of efficacious interventions to address symptom-related suffering and functional interference. Thus, this study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of telephone-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for symptom interference with functioning in MBC patients. METHODS: Symptomatic MBC patients (N = 47) were randomly assigned to six telephone sessions of ACT or six telephone sessions of education/support. Patients completed measures of symptom interference and measures assessing the severity of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. RESULTS: The eligibility screening rate (64%) and high retention (83% at 8 weeks post-baseline) demonstrated feasibility. When examining within-group change, ACT participants showed decreases in symptom interference (i.e., fatigue interference and sleep-related impairment; Cohen's d range = - 0.23 to - 0.31) at 8 and 12 weeks post-baseline, whereas education/support participants showed minimal change in these outcomes (d range = - 0.03 to 0.07). Additionally, at 12 weeks post-baseline, ACT participants showed moderate decreases in fatigue and sleep disturbance (both ds = - 0.43), whereas education/support participants showed small decreases in these outcomes (ds = - 0.24 and - 0.18 for fatigue and sleep disturbance, respectively). Both the ACT and education/support groups showed reductions in depressive symptoms (ds = - 0.27 and - 0.28) at 12 weeks post-baseline. Group differences in all outcomes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: ACT shows feasibility and promise in improving fatigue and sleep-related outcomes in MBC patients and warrants further investigation.
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    Acute Changes in Sleep Duration on Eating Behaviors and Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Overweight/Obese Adults
    (Taylor & Francis, 2015) Hart, Chantelle N.; Carskadon, Mary A.; Demos, Kathryn E.; Van Reen, Eliza; Sharkey, Katherine M.; Raynor, Hollie A.; Considine, Robert V.; Jones, Richard N.; Wing, Rena R.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    There is considerable interest in the role of sleep in weight regulation, yet few studies have examined this relationship in overweight/obese (OW/OB) adults. Using a within-subject, counterbalanced design, 12 OW/OB women were studied in lab with two nights of short (5 hr time in bed [TIB]) and two nights of long (9 hr TIB) sleep. Hunger, consumption at a buffet, and fasting hormone levels were obtained. Significant polysomnographic differences occurred between conditions in total sleep time and sleep architecture (ps < .001). Percent energy from protein at the buffet increased following short sleep. No differences were observed for total energy intake or measured hormones. Further research is needed to determine how lengthening sleep impacts weight regulation in OW/OB adults.
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    Children’s Sleep and Externalizing Problems: A Day-to-day Multilevel Modeling Approach
    (Taylor & Francis, 2023) McQuillan, Maureen E.; Bates, John E.; Hoyniak, Caroline P.; Staples, Angela D.; Honaker, Sarah M.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Background: Sleep problems and externalizing problems tend to be positively associated, but the direction of this association is unclear. Method: Day-to-day associations between sleep and behavior were examined in children (N = 22) ages 3-8 with clinical levels of externalizing problems. These children were enrolled in Parent Management Training and behavioral sleep intervention. During assessments before and after treatment, children wore actigraphs for seven days and parents concurrently completed sleep diaries and daily tallies of noncompliance, aggression, and tantrums. Multilevel modeling was used to account for the nested structure of the data, at the day-to-day level (level 1), within assessment points (level 2), and within children (level 3). Results: Late sleep timing and fragmentation were predictive of next-day noncompliance and tantrums, respectively. There were fewer associations for a given day's behavior predicting that night's sleep, although children who showed more aggression and noncompliance at baseline tended to have later bedtimes and sleep onset times compared to other children.
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    Correlates of Sleep Health among Older-Age People with and without HIV in Uganda
    (Springer, 2024) Yoo-Jeong, Moka; Ratnayake, Aneeka; Tong, Yao; Tsai, Alexander C.; Paul, Robert; Reynolds, Zahra; Ritchie, Christine S.; Seeley, Janet; Hoeppner, Susanne S.; Atwiine, Flavia; Okello, Samson; Nakasujja, Noeline; Saylor, Deanna; Greene, Meredith; Asiimwe, Stephen; Tindimwebwa, Edna; Tanner, Jeremy; Olivieri-Mui, Brianne; Siedner, Mark J.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    There is a growing population of older people with HIV (PWH) in Uganda. Sleep problems disproportionately affect older people and PWH. This study aimed to estimate correlates of sleep health among older Ugandans (aged ≥ 50 years) with and without HIV, using data from the Quality of Life and Aging with HIV in Rural Uganda Study. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality, duration, and efficiency. We fitted multivariable linear and logistic regression models to estimate the associations between sleep outcomes and variables selected based on the Senescent Sleep Model: age, HIV serostatus, loneliness, urbanicity, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and perceived stress. Of 556 participants, 271 were PWH and 285 were people without HIV (PWoH). There were no statistically significant differences in sleep outcomes by HIV serostatus. Of the total sample, most reported very good (32.79%) or fairly good sleep quality (49.37%). The mean sleep duration was 6.46 h (SD = 1.74). The mean sleep efficiency was 73.98% (SD = 19.52%) with 36.69% having optimal (≥ 85%) sleep efficiency. A positive depression screen was associated with worse sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.21; 95% CI [0.12, 0.36]), shorter sleep duration (b=-0.44; 95% CI [-0.60, -0.28]), and worse sleep efficiency (aOR = 0.51; 95% CI[0.31, 0.83]). Interventions targeting depression may improve sleep among older Ugandans, independent of HIV serostatus. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the potential bidirectionality of this relationship and elucidate pathways to support sleep health among older Ugandans.
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    Correspondence between actigraphy and PSG measures of sleep onset latency in young children
    (Associated Professional Sleep Societies, LLC, 2012-06-12) Craven, Hannah J.; Seifer, Ronald; LeBourgeois, Monique K.
    INTRODUCTION: Actigraphy is a non-invasive tool providing objective measurement of sleep onset, offset, and efficiency for extended periods of time based upon wrist-activity levels. Whether actigraphy may also provide an adequately-valid estimate of sleep-onset latency (SOL) in young children is not well-established. This study examined concordance between the gold standard of SOL, polysomnography (PSG), and actigraphy in a cohort of 2-5 year-olds studied at five different levels of prior wakefulness. METHODS: Participants were 8 healthy children (3 males) studied at three longitudinal time points (2.5-3.0y, 3.5-4.0y, 5.5-6.0y). Children followed a strict sleep schedule for at least 5 days before each of five home-based, PSG recordings in which they also wore an actigraph (AW64). Sleep assessments occurred after 4h, 7h, 10h, 13h, and 16h of prior wakefulness, reflecting different levels of sleep pressure. Visual stage scoring used 30-sec epochs from C3/A2. Lights-out time was simultaneously marked on PSG and actigraphy with event markers. Sleep-onset was the first epoch of stage 2 sleep (PSG) and the first of three consecutive epochs of scored sleep after lights-out (actigraphy). RESULTS: Analysis included 9-14 sleep assessments per child of SOL (concurrent PSG and ACT). Averaged SOL varied across sleep assessments and age (PSG range: 4.9+3.1 to 26.9+13.7; ACT range 4.2+3.1 to 19.3+15.9). We performed a nested correlation between PSG- and actigraphy-derived measures of SOL, covarying sleep pressure and age of assessment, nested within subject. The median partial correlation was r=.874 (p<.001), with a range of r=.243 to r=.969. Two children had very-low, non-significant correlations resulting from an outlier in which actigraphy underestimated SOL. CONCLUSION: Overall, these findings suggest actigraphy has adequate validity for estimating SOL in young children when using tightly-controlled data collection and analysis procedures. Future analyses should address methods for establishing the minimum number of nights for a reliable estimate of SOL.
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    Coxsackie B2 Virus Infection Causing Multiorgan Failure and Cardiogenic Shock in a 42-Year-Old Man
    (Texas Heart Institute Journal, 2019-02-01) Hopkins, Kali A.; Abdou, Mahmoud H.; Hadi, M. Azam; Department of Internal Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    Infections from coxsackie B2 viruses often cause viral myocarditis and, only rarely, multisystem organ impairment. We present the unusual case of a 42-year-old man in whom coxsackie B2 virus infection caused multiorgan infection, necessitating distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, renal dialysis, and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with mechanical ventilation. In addition, the patient had a rapid-eye-movement sleep-related conduction abnormality that caused frequent sinus pauses of longer than 10 s, presumably due to myocarditis from the coxsackievirus infection. He recovered after permanent pacemaker placement and was discharged from the hospital. We discuss our aggressive supportive care and the few other reports of multiorgan impairment from coxsackieviruses.
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    Development and Temporal Validation of an Electronic Medical Record-Based Insomnia Prediction Model Using Data from a Statewide Health Information Exchange
    (MDPI, 2023-05-05) Holler, Emma; Chekani, Farid; Ai, Jizhou; Meng, Weilin; Khandker, Rezaul Karim; Ben Miled, Zina; Owora, Arthur; Dexter, Paul; Campbell, Noll; Solid, Craig; Boustani, Malaz; Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    This study aimed to develop and temporally validate an electronic medical record (EMR)-based insomnia prediction model. In this nested case-control study, we analyzed EMR data from 2011–2018 obtained from a statewide health information exchange. The study sample included 19,843 insomnia cases and 19,843 controls matched by age, sex, and race. Models using different ML techniques were trained to predict insomnia using demographics, diagnosis, and medication order data from two surveillance periods: −1 to −365 days and −180 to −365 days before the first documentation of insomnia. Separate models were also trained with patient data from three time periods (2011–2013, 2011–2015, and 2011–2017). After selecting the best model, predictive performance was evaluated on holdout patients as well as patients from subsequent years to assess the temporal validity of the models. An extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model outperformed all other classifiers. XGboost models trained on 2011–2017 data from −1 to −365 and −180 to −365 days before index had AUCs of 0.80 (SD 0.005) and 0.70 (SD 0.006), respectively, on the holdout set. On patients with data from subsequent years, a drop of at most 4% in AUC is observed for all models, even when there is a five-year difference between the collection period of the training and the temporal validation data. The proposed EMR-based prediction models can be used to identify insomnia up to six months before clinical detection. These models may provide an inexpensive, scalable, and longitudinally viable method to screen for individuals at high risk of insomnia.
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    Ecological momentary assessment versus traditional retrospective self-reports as predictors of health-relevant outcomes
    (2013-09-05) Zielke, Desiree Joy; Stewart, Jesse C.; Rand, Kevin L.; Williams, Jane R.; Cyders, Melissa A.; Hazer, John
    Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been asserted by proponents of the technique as being superior to standard paper-and-pencil measurements in terms of the reliability and validity of the information obtained; however, this claim has not yet been fully evaluated in the literature. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate one aspect of this assertion by comparing the utility of EMA and retrospective measures of depressive symptoms in predicting health-relevant biological and behavioral outcomes. It was hypothesized that (1) the EMA measure will have better predictive utility when examining objective sleep quality (a biological outcome), and that (2) the retrospective measure will have better predictive utility when examining blood donation intention (a behavioral outcome). Ninety-six undergraduate females participated in this 2-week study. Depressive symptoms were measured momentarily and retrospectively using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). The biological outcome was assessed by actigraphy, whereas the behavioral outcome was measured via a self-report questionnaire. Unfortunately, it was not possible to fully test these hypotheses due to the failure to observe relationships between the predictor variables and the outcomes. The reported results, although limited, did not provide support for the hypotheses. Supplemental analyses revealed a moderate to high amount of shared variance between the EMA and retrospective measures, a similar extent of random error in both measures, and potentially a greater degree of systematic error in the retrospective measure. Due to the paucity of literature examining the claim of superior reliability and validity of EMA versus retrospective measures, as well as the failure of the current study to evaluate this assertion sufficiently, it appears that this claim remains unfounded. Therefore, suggestions for future research are provided.