Browsing by Subject "Skin inflammation"

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    γδ T cells in Skin Inflammation
    (Begell House, 2022) Zhang, Wenwu; Pajulas, Abigail; Kaplan, Mark H.; Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
    Gamma delta (γδ) T cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that express T cell receptor γ and δ chains and display structural and functional heterogeneity. γδ T cells are typically of low abundance in the body and account for 1–5% of the blood lymphocytes and peripheral lymphoid tissues. As a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, γδ T cells are uniquely poised to rapidly respond to stimulation and can regulate immune responses in peripheral tissues. The dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) in the skin epidermis can secrete growth factors to regulate skin homeostasis and re-epithelization and release inflammatory factors to mediate wound healing during skin inflammatory responses. Dermal γδ T cells can regulate the inflammatory process by producing IL-17 and other cytokines or chemokines. Here, we offer a review of the immune functions of γδ T cells, intending to understand their role in regulating skin barrier integrity and skin wound healing, which may be crucial for the development of novel therapeutics in skin diseases like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
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    γδ T Cell‒Mediated Wound Healing Is Diminished by Allergic Skin Inflammation
    (Elsevier, 2022-10) Wang, Jocelyn; Pajulas, Abigail; Fu, Yongyao; Adom , Djamilatou; Zhang, Wenwu; Nelson, Andrew S.; Spandau, Dan F.; Kaplan, Mark H.; Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
    Atopic dermatitis results in profound changes in the function of the skin that include diminished barrier function and altered production of antimicrobial peptides. Our previous work in a model of allergic skin inflammation identified a defect in the wound healing process that was dependent on IL-4. In this report, we show that allergic skin inflammation results in a dramatic decrease in the presence of the Vγ3+ dendritic epidermal T-cell (DETC) population of γδ T cells in the skin. In mice that express an active signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 in T cells, DETCs are lost early in life. The loss of DETCs is entirely dependent on IL-4 and is recovered with a genetic deficiency of IL-4. Moreover, injection of IL-4 into wild-type mice results in acute loss of the DETC population. A similar loss of DETCs was observed in mice treated topically with MC903. Wounding of skin from Stat6VT-transgenic or MC903-treated mice resulted in decreased production of DETC-dependent cytokines in the skin, coincident with diminished wound closure. Importantly, intradermal injection of the DETC-produced cytokine fibroblast GF 7 rescued the rate of wound closure in mice with allergic skin inflammation. Together, these results suggest that the atopic environment diminishes prohealing T-cell populations in the skin, resulting in attenuated wound healing responses.