Browsing by Subject "Scale development"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    The Cancer Loneliness Scale and Cancer-related Negative Social Expectations Scale: development and validation
    (SpringerLink, 2017-07) Adams, Rebecca N.; Mosher, Catherine E.; Rand, Kevin L.; Hirsh, Adam T.; Monahan, Patrick O.; Abonour, Rafat; Kroenke, Kurt; Psychology, School of Science
    PURPOSE: Loneliness is a known risk factor for poor mental and physical health outcomes and quality of life in the general population, and preliminary research suggests that loneliness is linked to poorer health outcomes in cancer patients as well. Various aspects of the cancer experience contribute to patients feeling alone and misunderstood. Furthermore, loneliness theory suggests that negative social expectations, which may specifically relate to the cancer experience, precipitate and sustain loneliness. Cancer-specific tools are needed to assess key constructs of this theory. In the current study, we developed and tested measures of (1) loneliness attributed to cancer (i.e., cancer-related loneliness) and (2) negative social expectations related to cancer. METHODS: First, we developed the items for the measures based on theory, prior research, and expert feedback. Next, we assessed the measures' psychometric properties (i.e., internal consistency and construct validity) in a diverse sample of cancer patients. RESULTS: The final products included a 7-item unidimensional Cancer Loneliness Scale and a 5-item unidimensional Cancer-related Negative Social Expectations Scale. Evidence of excellent reliability and validity was found for both measures. CONCLUSIONS: The resulting measures have both clinical and research utility.
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    Development and validation of the cervical cancer knowledge scale and HPV testing knowledge scale in a sample of Canadian women
    (Elsevier, 2022-12) Haward, Ben; Tatar, Ovidiu; Zhu, Patricia; Griffin-Mathieu, Gabrielle; Perez, Samara; Shapiro, Gilla K.; McBride, Emily; Zimet, Gregory D.; Rosberger, Zeev; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV testing are important factors in proactive and continued engagement with screening and are critical considerations as countries move towards the implementation of HPV-based primary screening programs. However, existing scales measuring knowledge of both cervical cancer and HPV testing are not up to date with the current literature, lack advanced psychometric testing, or have suboptimal psychometric properties. Updated, validated scales are needed to ensure accurate measurement of these factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate two scales measuring cervical cancer knowledge and HPV testing knowledge. A pool of items was generated by retaining relevant existing items identified in a 2019 literature search and developing new items according to themes identified in recent systematic reviews. Items were assessed for relevance by the research team and then refined through seven cognitive interviews with Canadian women. A web-based survey including the remaining items (fourteen for each scale development) was administered to a sample of Canadian women in October and November of 2021. After data cleaning, N = 1027 responses were retained. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were conducted, and Item Response Theory was used to select items. The final cervical cancer knowledge scale (CCKS) and HPV testing knowledge scale (HTKS) were unidimensional, and each consisted of eight items. CFA demonstrated adequate model fit for both scales. The developed scales will be important tools to identify knowledge gaps and inform communications about cervical cancer screening, particularly in the context of HPV-based screening implementation.
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    Development and Validation of the Patient/Caregiver Reported Hydroxyurea Evaluation of Adherence for Life (HEAL) Scale
    (Dove Press, 2022-12-10) Janson, Isaac A.; Bloom, Ellen M.; Hampton, Kisha C.; Riehm Meier, Emily; Rampersad, Angeli G.; Kronenberger, William G.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Hydroxyurea reduces the incidence of vaso-occlusive episodes, stroke, and respiratory, cardiac, and renal damage in sickle cell disease by increasing fetal hemoglobin. However, because suboptimal adherence to hydroxyurea limits its effectiveness, understanding patient-specific barriers to hydroxyurea adherence could help improve adherence and health outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease. The aim of this single-site, prospective, IRB-approved study was to validate a 24-item patient- and caregiver-reported hydroxyurea treatment adherence questionnaire, the Hydroxyurea Evaluation of Adherence for Life (HEAL) scale. Methods: A sample of 24 adults with sickle cell disease and 16 caregivers of children with sickle cell disease completed the HEAL scale, and a subset of the original sample provided a second HEAL scale for test-retest reliability. HEAL scale results were validated against global adherence ratings from participants and health-care providers, records of access to pill bottles, and laboratory values for fetal hemoglobin and absolute neutrophil count. Results and discussion: Results demonstrated excellent internal consistency for the HEAL Total score and eight (3-item) subscale scores (Dose, Remember, Plan, Cost, Understand, Effectiveness, Laboratory, and Pharmacy), as well as strong test-retest reliability for all HEAL scores except the Cost subscale. HEAL Total scores correlated significantly with validity measures, including global adherence ratings and lab values. The HEAL scale offers significant clinical potential for understanding adherence in individual sickle cell disease patients and significant research potential for characterizing adherence in persons with sickle cell disease who are treated with hydroxyurea.
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    Measuring Quality of Care in Community Mental Health: Validation of Concordant Clinician and Client Quality-of-Care Scales
    (Springer, 2019-04-12) Luther, Lauren; Fukui, Sadaaki; Garabrant, Jennifer M.; Rollins, Angela L.; Morse, Gary; Henry, Nancy; Shimp, Dawn; Gearhart, Timothy; Salyers, Michelle P.; Psychology, School of Science
    Measuring quality of care can transform care, but few tools exist to measure quality from the client’s perspective. The aim of this study was to create concordant clinician and client self-report quality of care scales in a sample of community mental health clinicians (n = 189) and clients (n = 469). The client scale had three distinct factors (Person-Centered Care, Negative Staff Interactions, and Inattentive Care), while the clinician scale had two: Person-Centered Care and Discordant Care. Both versions demonstrated adequate internal consistency and validity with measures related to satisfaction and the therapeutic relationship. These measures are promising, brief quality assessment tools.
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    Understanding the Challenges of HPV-Based Cervical Screening: Development and Validation of HPV Testing and Self-Sampling Attitudes and Beliefs Scales
    (MDPI, 2023-01-15) Tatar, Ovidiu; Haward, Ben; Zhu, Patricia; Griffin-Mathieu, Gabrielle; Perez, Samara; McBride, Emily; Lofters, Aisha K.; Smith, Laurie W.; Mayrand, Marie-Hélène; Daley, Ellen M.; Brotherton, Julia M. L.; Zimet, Gregory D.; Rosberger, Zeev; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    The disrupted introduction of the HPV-based cervical screening program in several jurisdictions has demonstrated that the attitudes and beliefs of screening-eligible persons are critically implicated in the success of program implementation (including the use of self-sampling). As no up-to-date and validated measures exist measuring attitudes and beliefs towards HPV testing and self-sampling, this study aimed to develop and validate two scales measuring these factors. In October-November 2021, cervical screening-eligible Canadians participated in a web-based survey. In total, 44 items related to HPV testing and 13 items related to HPV self-sampling attitudes and beliefs were included in the survey. For both scales, the optimal number of factors was identified using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and parallel analysis. Item Response Theory (IRT) was applied within each factor to select items. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess model fit. After data cleaning, 1027 responses were analyzed. The HPV Testing Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (HTABS) had four factors, and twenty-two items were retained after item reduction. The HPV Self-sampling Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (HSABS) had two factors and seven items were retained. CFA showed a good model fit for both final scales. The developed scales will be a valuable resource to examine attitudes and beliefs in anticipation of, and to evaluate, HPV test-based cervical screening.