Browsing by Subject "Recruitment"
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Item Accelerating diversity in Alzheimer's disease research by partnering with a community advisory board(Wiley, 2023-05-28) Pena-Garcia, Alex; Richards, Ralph; Richards, Mollie; Campbell, Christopher; Mosley, Hank; Asper, Joseph; Eliacin, Johanne; Polsinelli, Angelina; Apostolova, Liana; Hendrie, Hugh; Tackett, Andrew; Elliott, Caprice; Van Heiden, Sarah; Gao, Sujuan; Saykin, Andrew; Wang, Sophia; Medicine, School of MedicineIntroduction: Community advisory boards (CABs) and researcher partnerships present a promising opportunity to accelerate enrollment of underrepresented groups (URGs). We outline the framework for how the CAB and researchers at the Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (IADRC) partnered to accelerate URG participation in AD neuroimaging research. Methods: CAB and the IADRC researchers partnered to increase the CAB's impact on URG study enrollment through community and research interactions. Community interactions included the CAB collaboratively building a network of URG focused community organizations and collaborating with those URG-focused organizations to host IADRC outreach and recruitment events. Research interactions included direct impact (CAB members referring themselves or close contacts as participants) and strategic impact, mainly by the CAB working with researchers to develop and refine URG focused outreach and recruitment strategies for IADRC and affiliated studies to increase URG representation. We created a database infrastructure to measure how these interactions impacted URG study enrollment. Results: Out of the 354 URG research referrals made to the IADRC between October 2019 and December 2022, 267 referrals were directly referred by the CAB (N = 36) or from community events in which CAB members organized and/or volunteered at (N = 231). Out of these 267 referrals, 34 were enrolled in IADRC and 2 were enrolled in Indiana University Longitudinal Early Onset AD Study (IU LEADS). Of note, both studies require the prospective participants to be willing to do MRI and PET scans. As of December 2022, 30 out of the 34 enrolled participants have received a consensus diagnosis; the majority were cognitively normal (64.7%), with the remainder having mild cognitive impairment (17.6%) or early-stage AD (2.9%). Discussion: The IADRC CAB-researcher partnership had a measurable impact on the enrollment of African American/Black adults in AD neuroimaging studies. Future studies will need to test whether this conceptual model works for other sites and for other URGs.Item Barriers to Screening: An Analysis of Factors Impacting Screening for Type 1 Diabetes Prevention Trials(Oxford University Press, 2023-01-11) Kinney, Mara; You, Lu; Sims, Emily K.; Wherrett, Diane; Schatz, Desmond; Lord, Sandra; Krischer, Jeffrey; Russell, William E.; Gottlieb, Peter A.; Libman, Ingrid; Buckner, Jane; DiMeglio, Linda A.; Herold, Kevan C.; Steck, Andrea K.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineContext: Participants with stage 1 or 2 type 1 diabetes (T1D) qualify for prevention trials, but factors involved in screening for such trials are largely unknown. Objective: To identify factors associated with screening for T1D prevention trials. Methods: This study included TrialNet Pathway to Prevention participants who were eligible for a prevention trial: oral insulin (TN-07, TN-20), teplizumab (TN-10), abatacept (TN-18), and oral hydroxychloroquine (TN-22). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine participant, site, and study factors at the time of prevention trial accrual. Results: Screening rates for trials were: 50% for TN-07 (584 screened/1172 eligible), 9% for TN-10 (106/1249), 24% for TN-18 (313/1285), 17% for TN-20 (113/667), and 28% for TN-22 (371/1336). Younger age and male sex were associated with higher screening rates for prevention trials overall and for oral therapies. Participants with an offspring with T1D showed lower rates of screening for all trials and oral drug trials compared with participants with other first-degree relatives as probands. Site factors, including larger monitoring volume and US site vs international site, were associated with higher prevention trial screening rates. Conclusions: Clear differences exist between participants who screen for prevention trials and those who do not screen and between the research sites involved in prevention trial screening. Participant age, sex, and relationship to proband are significantly associated with prevention trial screening in addition to key site factors. Identifying these factors can facilitate strategic recruitment planning to support rapid and successful enrollment into prevention trials.Item Challenges and Opportunities in Developing an Oncology Clinical Trial Network in the United States Veterans Affairs Health Care System: The VA STARPORT Experience(MDPI, 2024-08-21) Solanki, Abhishek A.; Zheng, Kevin; Skipworth, Alicia N.; Robin, Lisa M.; Leparski, Ryan F.; Henry, Elizabeth; Rettig, Matthew; Salama, Joseph K.; Ritter, Timothy; Jones, Jeffrey; Quek, Marcus; Chang, Michael; Block, Alec M.; Welsh, James S.; Kumar, Aryavarta; Chao, Hann-Hsiang; Chen, Albert C.; Shapiro, Ronald; Bitting, Rhonda L.; Kwon, Robert; Stross, William; Puckett, Lindsay; Wong, Yu-Ning; Nickols, Nicholas G.; Carlson, Kimberly; VA STARPORT Investigators Group; Radiation Oncology, School of MedicineThe United States Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System has a strong history of conducting impactful oncology randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We developed a phase II/III RCT to test the use of metastasis-directed therapy in Veterans with oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC)-the first VA RCT in OMPC that leverages novel imaging and advanced radiotherapy techniques. To accomplish this, we developed a clinical trial network to conduct the study. In this manuscript, we describe several challenges we encountered in study development/conduct and our strategies to address them, with the goal of helping investigators establish robust study networks to conduct clinical trials. In the study start-up, we encountered challenges in timely site activation, and leveraged project management to maximize efficiency. Additionally, there were several changes in the clinical paradigms in imaging and treatment that led to protocol amendments to ensure maximum equipoise, recruitment, and impact of the study. Specifically, we amended the trial to add de novo OMPC patients (from initially only recurrent OMPC) and expanded the study to allow up to 10 metastases (from initially five). Finally, in order to maintain local study team engagement, we developed initiatives to maximize collaboration and add value to the overall clinical program through study participation.Item A Comparative Analysis of Hierarchical and Numerical Representation in Organizational Diversity Perceptions and Identity-Safety(2020-08) Lewis, Arielle N.; Ashburn-Nardo, Leslie; Pietri, Evava S.; Williams, Jane R.A significant body of work has demonstrated the importance of diversity and representation in racial and ethnic minority jobseekers’ organizational judgments. While representation is often conceptualized as the general percentage or count of underrepresented minorities (URM) within an organization, a broader definition has been proposed that distinguishes this general or numerical representation from hierarchical representation which considers the placement of those URM employees within an organization. Although the separate effects of these two forms of representation have been evaluated, the present study extends on earlier work by considering the interactive effect. Additionally, the current research considered a potential mechanism to explain the influence of these forms of representation on URM’s organizational judgements. As expected, results showed that an organization depicting more URM employees (high numerical representation) and including Black leadership personnel (hierarchical representation) increased URM’s identity-safety relative to those which had low numerical representation and only White leadership. Moreover, and importantly, both representation effects could be explained indirectly via feelings of anticipated tokenism.Item Developing and applying potentially scalable recruitment strategies to accelerate ADRD research participation of Black adults(Wiley, 2025) Richards, Ralph; Richards, Mollie; Musema, Jane; Tackett, Andrew; Van Heiden, Sarah; Polsinelli, Angelina; Gao, Sujuan; Brown, Steven A.; Unverzagt, Frederick W.; Risacher, Shannon; Adeoye-Olatunde, Omolola; Campbell, Christopher; Shaw, Pamella; Saykin, Andrew; Wang, Sophia; Neurology, School of MedicineMore than 2 million older Americans from underrepresented racial and ethnic minority groups (URGs) have early-stage Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). There are very few scalable recruitment strategies, particularly for Black older adults, to accelerate participation in ADRD research. The Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (IADRC) and its Community Advisory Board developed and implemented the innovative RAAISE-D Framework. This Framework informed the creation of community-first recruitment strategies designed to accelerate participation of Black older adults in ADRD research. Preliminary outcomes from its implementation included the doubling of Black adult enrollment (46, 13.4% to 101, 26.9%) from April 2020 to April 2024. Black adults were more likely to have normal cognition, be female, and ≤ 12 years of education than non-Hispanic White adults. The RAAISE-D Framework identified key concepts for URG focused recruitment strategies which successfully accelerated enrollment of Black adults in ADRD research and could be generalized to other URGs. HIGHLIGHTS: RAAISE-D Framework provides adaptable URG recruitment strategies. IADRC CAB-researcher partnership was the foundation of community-first methodology. RAAISE-D Framework doubled the Black enrollment in the IADRC in 4 years.Item Development and evaluation of objective trial performance metrics for multisite clinical studies: Experience from the AlcHep Network(Elsevier, 2024) Dasarathy, Srinivasan; Tu, Wanzhu; Bellar, Annette; Welch, Nicole; Kettler, Carla; Tang, Qing; Liangpunsakul, Suthat; Gawrieh, Samer; Radaeva, Svetlana; Mitchell, Mack; AlcHepNet; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public HealthBackground: Recruitment and retention are critical in clinical studies but there are limited objective metrics of trial performance. We tested if development of trial performance metrics will allow for objective evaluation of study quality. Performance metrics were developed using data from the observational cohort (OBS) and randomized clinical trial (RCT) arms of the prospective Alcoholic Hepatitis Network. Methods: Yield-rate (%YR; eligible/screened), recruitment index (RI; mean recruitment time/patient), completion index (CI; average number of days to complete the follow-up/patient), and protocol adherence index (AI; average number of deviations/subject recruited) were determined. Results: 2250 patients (1168 for OBS; 1082 for RCT) were screened across 8 sites. Recruitment in the RCT (57% target) was similar to that in the OBS (59% target). Of those screened, 743 (63.6%) subjects in the OBS and 147 (13.6%) subjects in the RCT were enrolled in the study. In OBS study, 253 (34.1%) subjects, and in the RCT, 68 (46.3%) subjects, completed the study or reached a censoring event. Across all sites (range), YR for OBS was 63.6% (41.3-98.3%) and for RCT was 13.6% (5.5-92.6%); RI for OBS was 1.66 (8.79-19.85) and for RCT was 4.05 (19.76-36.43); CI for OBS was 4.87 (22.6-118.3) and for RCT was 8.75 (27.27-161.5); and AR for OBS was 0.56 (0.08-1.04) and for RCT was 1.55 (0.39-3.21. Factors related to participants, research design, study team, and research sponsors contributed to lower performance metrics. Conclusions: Objective measures of clinical trial performance allow for strategies to enhance study quality and development of site-specific improvement plans.Item Evaluation of electronic recruitment efforts of primary care providers as research subjects during the COVID-19 pandemic(BMC, 2022-04-28) Mazurenko, Olena; Sanner, Lindsey; Apathy, Nate C.; Mamlin, Burke W.; Menachemi, Nir; Adams, Meredith C.B.; Hurley, Robert W.; Fortin Erazo, Saura; Harle, Christopher A.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: Recruiting healthcare providers as research subjects often rely on in-person recruitment strategies. Little is known about recruiting provider participants via electronic recruitment methods. In this study, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we describe and evaluate a primarily electronic approach to recruiting primary care providers (PCPs) as subjects in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a decision support intervention. Methods: We adapted an existing framework for healthcare provider research recruitment, employing an electronic consent form and a mix of brief synchronous video presentations, email, and phone calls to recruit PCPs into the RCT. To evaluate the success of each electronic strategy, we estimated the number of consented PCPs associated with each strategy, the number of days to recruit each PCP and recruitment costs. Results: We recruited 45 of 63 eligible PCPs practicing at ten primary care clinic locations over 55 days. On average, it took 17 business days to recruit a PCP (range 0-48) and required three attempts (range 1-7). Email communication from the clinic leaders led to the most successful recruitments, followed by brief synchronous video presentations at regularly scheduled clinic meetings. We spent approximately $89 per recruited PCP. We faced challenges of low email responsiveness and limited opportunities to forge relationships. Conclusion: PCPs can be efficiently recruited at low costs as research subjects using primarily electronic communications, even during a time of high workload and stress. Electronic peer leader outreach and synchronous video presentations may be particularly useful recruitment strategies.Item Factors That Influence the Recruitment and Retention of Nurses in Public Health Agencies(Sage, 2017-09) Yeager, Valerie A.; Wisniewski, Janna M.; Health Policy and Management, School of Public HealthOBJECTIVE: Given challenges to recruiting nurses to public health and the growth in national policies focused on population health, it is crucial that public health agencies develop strategies to sustain this important group of employees. The objective of this study was to examine factors that influence nurses' decisions to work in public health agencies. METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined perspectives of nurses who worked in state and local public health departments and responded to the 2010 Council on Linkages Between Academia and Public Health Practice's survey of public health workers. We calculated the mean rating of each recruitment and retention factor for nurses and non-nurses separately and compared differences by using t tests. We then used multivariate regression analysis to examine differences in ratings by role (ie, nurse or non-nurse). RESULTS: After controlling for personal and organizational characteristics, the influence of 5 recruitment factors was significantly stronger among nurses than among non-nurses: flexibility of work schedule ( P < .001), autonomy/employee empowerment ( P < .001), ability to innovate ( P = .002), specific duties and responsibilities ( P = .005), and identifying with the mission of the organization ( P = .02). The influence of 5 retention factors was stronger among nurses than among non-nurses : autonomy/employee empowerment ( P < .001), flexibility of work schedule ( P < .001), specific duties and responsibilities ( P < .001), opportunities for training/continuing education ( P = .03), and ability to innovate ( P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: Some factors that influence nurses to begin and remain working in local governmental public health agencies, such as flexible schedules and employee autonomy, are factors that governmental public health agencies can design into positions and highlight when recruiting from health care organizations, private industry, and academia.Item How 'Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm: The Problem of Retention(Indiana Libraries, 2008) Stanley, Mary J.The old song that was written in the wake of America's entry into World War I, "How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm?", speaks to the problem of keeping good employees. Libraries spend an enormous amount of time and money in the recruitment process to attract and hire talented professionals. Many of these same talented professionals move on to another position in a short time. This article looks at ways to retain and keep these individuals.Item Perspective on the "African American participation in Alzheimer disease research: Effective strategies" workshop, 2018(Wiley, 2020-12) Denny, Andrea; Streitz, Marissa; Stock, Kristin; Balls-Berry, Joyce E.; Barnes, Lisa L.; Byrd, Goldie S.; Croff, Raina; Gao, Sujuan; Glover, Crystal M.; Hendrie, Hugh C.; Hu, William T.; Manly, Jennifer J.; Moulder, Krista L.; Stark, Susan; Thomas, Stephen B.; Whitmer, Rachel; Wong, Roger; Morris, John C.; Lingler, Jennifer H.; Psychiatry, School of MedicineThe Washington University School of Medicine Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center's "African American Participation in Alzheimer Disease Research: Effective Strategies" Workshop convened to address a major limitation of the ongoing scientific progress regarding Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD): participants in most ADRD research programs overwhelmingly have been limited to non-Hispanic white persons, thus precluding knowledge as to how ADRD may be represented in non-white individuals. Factors that may contribute to successful recruitment and retention of African Americans into ADRD research were discussed and organized into actionable next steps as described within this report.