Browsing by Subject "Puerto Rico"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Changes in insulin sensitivity over time and associated factors in HIV-infected adolescents
    (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2018-03-13) Geffner, Mitchell E.; Patel, Kunjal; Jacobson, Denise L.; Wu, Julia; Miller, Tracie L.; Hazra, Rohan; Gerschenson, Mariana; Sharma, Tanvi; Silio, Margarita; Jao, Jennifer; Takemoto, Jody K.; Van Dyke, Russell B.; Dimeglio, Linda A.; Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS); Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: To compare prevalence of insulin resistance between perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) and perinatally HIV-exposed, but uninfected adolescents (PHEU), determine incidence of and contributory factors to new and resolved cases of insulin resistance in PHIV+, and evaluate glucose metabolism. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design for comparison of prevalence among PHIV+ and PHEU. Longitudinal design for incidence and resolution of insulin resistance among PHIV+ at risk for these outcomes. METHODS: The source population was adolescents from pediatric HIV clinics in the United States and Puerto Rico participating in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study designed to evaluate impact of HIV infection and its treatment on multiple domains in preadolescents and adolescents. Insulin resistance was assessed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Those with incident insulin resistance underwent 2-h oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c. Baseline demographic, metabolic, and HIV-specific variables were evaluated for association with incident or resolved insulin resistance. RESULTS: Unadjusted prevalence of insulin resistance in PHIV+ was 27.3 versus 34.1% in PHEU. After adjustment for Tanner stage, age, sex, and race/ethnicity, there was no significant difference between groups. Factors positively associated with developing insulin resistance included female sex, higher BMI z score, and higher waist circumference; those associated with resolving insulin resistance included male sex and lower BMI z score. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of insulin resistance in PHIV+ and PHEU was substantially higher than that reported in HIV-uninfected nonoverweight youth, but similar to that in HIV-uninfected obese youth. Factors associated with incident or resolved insulin resistance among PHIV+ were similar to those reported in HIV-negative obese youth. However, a contributory role of HIV infection and/or its treatment to the incident risk of insulin resistance cannot be excluded.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    EL REGGAETÓN COMO VEHÍCULO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA VARIACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA EN EL AULA DE ESPAÑOL L2
    (2023-05) Huete Guerrero, Wilfredo Antonio; Zulaica, Iker; Tezanos-Pinto, Rosa; Quintanilla, Alex J.R.
    La música popular de hace años ha cambiado, en particular el reggaetón ha tomado el mundo por asalto. Artistas que han revolucionado la escena musical, música latina, hispana que se puede escuchar por cada rincón del mundo. Sin embargo, el reggaetón tiene su propia historia, no se hizo popular de un día al otro sino ha alcanzado su nivel actual gracias a los esfuerzos de sus pioneros, los fanáticos y los artistas de hoy en día. Estos artistas reggaetoneros no son únicamente del mismo país, sino que nacieron en todas partes del mundo. Cada uno de estos artistas traen su propio español, el español de sus países, algo que expone a los oyentes a distintas variedades del español. La variedad lingüística que se puede escuchar por medio de las canciones es inmensa y es una manera auténtica de oír como realmente se habla el español en los diferentes países hispanohablantes. La cantidad de información sobre la fonética, la morfología, sintaxis o léxico que se puede aprender sobre los distintos países es incontable y sumamente importante. Información que se puede aplicar en un aula de clase L2 para enriquecer y fortalecer el aprendizaje de estos estudiantes. Empleando el reggaetón como base en las lecciones y actividades en el aula L2 se puede enseñar la variedad lingüística de cualquier país hispanohablante.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Giving in Puerto Rico
    (2016-09-14) Osili, Una; Ackerman, Jacqueline; Bergdoll, Jonathan; Garcia, Silvia; Li, Yannan; Kane, Addison; Roll, Abe
    Giving in Puerto Rico is the first study of its kind to examine the charitable giving patterns, priorities, and attitudes of Puerto Rican households. This report presents details on the Puerto Rican households that give to charity, why they give, what causes they are supporting, and how much they are giving. In addition, this report includes information about Puerto Ricans’ knowledge of the nonprofit sector, informal and formal giving behaviors, volunteering trends, and barriers to giving. Results regarding the impact of tax policy on Puerto Ricans’ charitable giving are also provided.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item