Browsing by Subject "Psychotic symptoms"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Genetic Risk for Schizophrenia and Psychosis in Alzheimer Disease
    (Nature Publishing group, 2018-04) DeMichele-Sweet, Mary Ann A.; Weamer, Elise A.; Klei, Lambertus; Vrana, Dylan T.; Hollingshead, Deborah J.; Seltman, Howard J.; Sims, Rebecca; Foroud, Tatiana; Hernandez, Isabel; Moreno-Grau, Sonia; Tárraga, Lluís; Boada, Mercè; Ruiz, Agustin; Williams, Julie; Mayeux, Richard; Lopez, Oscar L.; Sibille, Etienne L.; Kamboh, M. Ilyas; Devlin, Bernie; Sweet, Robert A.; Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine
    Psychotic symptoms, defined as the occurrence of delusions or hallucinations, are frequent in Alzheimer Disease, affecting ~ 40% to 60% of individuals with AD (AD with psychosis, AD+P). In comparison to AD subjects without psychosis, AD+P subjects have more rapid cognitive decline and poor outcomes. Prior studies have estimated the heritability of psychosis in AD at 61%, but the underlying genetic sources of this risk are not known. We evaluated a Discovery Cohort of 2876 AD subjects with (N=1761) or without psychosis (N=1115). All subjects were genotyped using a custom genotyping array designed to evaluate SNPs with evidence of genetic association with AD+P and include SNPs affecting or putatively affecting risk for schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease. Results were replicated in an independent cohort of 2194 AD subjects with (N=734) or without psychosis (N=1460). We found that AD+P is associated with polygenic risk for a set of novel loci and inversely associated with polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Among the biologic pathways identified by the associations of schizophrenia SNPs with AD+P are endosomal trafficking, autophagy, and calcium channel signaling. These findings provide the first clear demonstration that AD+P is associated with common genetic variation. In addition, they provide an unbiased link between polygenic risk for schizophrenia and a lower risk of psychosis in AD. This provides an opportunity to leverage progress made in identifying the biologic effects of schizophrenia alleles to identify novel mechanisms protecting against more rapid cognitive decline and psychosis risk in AD.
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    Levels of distress tolerance in schizophrenia appear equivalent to those found in borderline personality disorder
    (Wiley, 2020-09) Bonfils, Kelsey A.; Lysaker, Paul H.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Objective: Distress tolerance is an important but understudied construct for those with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This study compared levels of distress tolerance between people diagnosed with schizophrenia and borderline personality disorder (BPD) to better characterize distress tolerance in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Method: Using cross-sectional data, we examined group differences in distress tolerance in people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (n = 55) and BPD (n = 32) through mean comparison and equivalence analyses. Results: Our results indicate that, in our data, distress tolerance did not differ between those with schizophrenia and those with BPD, and was in fact statistically equivalent between groups. In contrast, those with BPD tended to report more difficulty on some aspects of emotion regulation. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that increased focus on distress tolerance is called for in research on schizophrenia. Furthermore, people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders may benefit from interventions targeting distress tolerance.
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    Relation of hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia to bipolar and psychotic disorders
    (Taylor & Francis, 2022-04-08) Enyi, Chioma O.; D’Souza, Brendan; Barloon, Linda; Ilonze, Onyedika J.; Chacko, Ranjit; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by hypercalcemia and an elevated level of serum parathyroid hormone. PHPT leads to hypercalcemia and presents with renal, skeletal, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of PHPT such as psychotic, depressive, and anxiety disorders are rare. Delirium may also be present in patients with PHPT. Parathyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with physically symptomatic PHPT, but it remains unclear if parathyroidectomy is indicated for its psychiatric manifestations. It is unclear if parathyroidectomy should be performed as a treatment for medication-refractory psychiatric symptoms or deferred until psychiatric symptoms have been better controlled. We present two cases of hyperparathyroidism (HPT)-associated hypercalcemia-one with lithium-associated HPT-in which psychiatric manifestations resolved with parathyroidectomy.