Browsing by Subject "Proximity"

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    The Shapes of Large Urban Areas in the U.S., 1950-2010: Patterns, Causes, and Consequences
    (Elsevier, 2021-03-01) Ottensmann, John R.; School of Public and Environmental Affairs
    The compactness of the shapes of 59 large urban areas in the United States from 1950 to 2010 is measured using an index of proximity based on the mean distance from the Central Business District to all areas within the urban area. Average changes in the proximity index over time are small, but individual urban areas have experienced much larger changes in shape, becoming both more and less compact. Larger urban areas tend to be somewhat less compact. Barriers to the expansion of urban areas including water, wetlands, mountains, and protected lands are associated with lower levels of proximity and compactness. Lower proximity is associated with higher urban area densities and smaller declines in densities with distance from the Central Business District.
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    Unequal access: Tobacco Retail in the Indianapolis Metro Area
    (The Polis Center, Indiana University at Indianapolis, 2017-07) Comer, Karen; Davila, Kelly; Hollon, Deb; Nowlin, Matt
    Retail access to various smoking products is an important consideration when discussing community action to improve a community’s health. Studies show that tobacco outlet density and proximity are linked to tobacco use–particularly in poor areas. We used socioeconomic data culled from the SAVI community information system to examine the density and proximity of tobacco outlets relative to vulnerable communities in Marion County. The report serves as a companion piece to the IU Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health’s September 2016 Report on the Tobacco Epidemic in Marion County and Indiana.