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Browsing by Subject "Primary open angle glaucoma"
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Item Asian Race and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Where Do We Stand?(MDPI, 2022-04-28) Belamkar, Aditya; Harris, Alon; Oddone, Francesco; Verticchio Vercellin, Alice; Fabczak-Kubicka, Anna; Siesky, Brent; Ophthalmology, School of MedicinePrimary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is an optic neuropathy characterized by irreversible retinal ganglion cell damage and visual field loss. The global POAG prevalence is estimated to be 3.05%, and near term is expected to significantly rise, especially within aging Asian populations. Primary angle-closure glaucoma disproportionately affects Asians, with up to four times greater prevalence of normal-tension glaucoma reported compared with high-tension glaucoma. Estimates for overall POAG prevalence in Asian populations vary, with Chinese and Indian populations representing the majority of future cases. Structural characteristics associated with glaucoma progression including the optic nerve head, retina, and cornea are distinct in Asians, serving as intermediates between African and European descent populations. Patterns in IOP suggest some similarities between races, with a significant inverse relationship between age and IOP only in Asian populations. Genetic differences have been suggested to play a role in these differences, however, a clear genetic pattern is yet to be established. POAG pathogenesis differs between Asians and other ethnicities, and it may differ within the broad classification of the Asian race. Greater awareness and further research are needed to improve treatment plans and outcomes for the increasingly high prevalence of normal tension glaucoma within aging Asian populations.Item Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucomatous Nepalese eyes and its relation with visual field sensitivity(Elsevier, 2014) Khanal, Safal; Thapa, Madhu; Racette, Lyne; Johnson, Richard; Davey, Pinakin Gunvant; Joshi, Mahesh Raj; Shrestha, Gauri Shankar; Medicine, School of MedicineBACKGROUND: To evaluate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in glaucomatous Nepalese eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and study its relationship with visual field sensitivity. METHODS: A total of 120 eyes comprising primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), glaucoma suspects (GS), normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and healthy subjects (n=30 cases in each group) underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including optic nerve head (ONH) evaluation and standard automated perimetry (SAP). RNFL thickness measurements around the optic disk were taken with circular spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison of RNFL parameters among various study groups. The relationship of RNFL parameters with visual field (VF) global indices was evaluated with regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean pRNFL thickness was significantly less in the POAG (64.30±14.45μm, p<0.01), NTG (85.43±9.79μm, p<0.001) and GS (102.0±9.37μm, p<0.001) groups than in the healthy group (109.8±8.32μm). The RNFL was significantly thinner across all quadrants in all study group pairs (p<0.05) except for normal vs. GS (only superior and inferior quadrant, significant). Linear regression plots with RNFL thickness as a predictor of MD and LV demonstrated a strong and statistically significant degree of determination in the POAG group (R(2)=0.203 and 0.175, p=0.013 and 0.021). CONCLUSION: The RNFL thickness measurements with SD-OCT are lower in glaucomatous eyes as compared to age-matched GS and normal eyes in the Nepalese population. A high resolution SD-OCT could aid significantly in the early diagnosis of glaucoma in Nepal.