Browsing by Subject "Participants"

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    The American Media’s Construction of “Participants” in Cases of Police Killings
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Johnson, Morgan Kristine
    With several highly publicized police killings in the latter half of 2014, the issue of police brutality has been reignited in the United States, as emotionally charged a topic as ever, dividing Americans politically and socially and racially. This pilot study analyzes how the American media’s language contributes to readers’/hearers’ perception of the identities and roles of those who are victim to and those who enact police brutality. Using a sample of twenty-eight reports of the cases of Eric Garner, John Crawford III, Michael Brown, Levar Jones, and Tamir Rice from the Associated Press, National Public Radio, and The Washington Post, I coded for patterns of race-related modifiers and of passivization. Based on the analysis of these articles, I suggest the implications of such use—how race-related descriptors can influence the perception of “participants’” (the involved police officers and the involved citizens) identity in relation to one another, in relation to the event, and in relation to outsiders and how passivization can influence the perception of participants’ roles, implicitly connoting importance, accountability, empowerment, and other such senses.
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    The Responsibility to Recontact Research Participants after Reinterpretation of Genetic and Genomic Research Results
    (Elsevier, 2019-04-04) Bombard, Yvonne; Brothers, Kyle B.; Fitzgerald-Butt, Sara; Garrison, Nanibaa’ A.; Jamal, Leila; James, Cynthia A.; Jarvik, Gail P.; McCormick, Jennifer B.; Nelson, Tanya N.; Ormond, Kelly E.; Rehm, Heidi L.; Richer, Julie; Souzeau, Emmanuelle; Vassy, Jason L.; Wagner, Jennifer K.; Levy, Howard P.; Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine
    The evidence base supporting genetic and genomic sequence-variant interpretations is continuously evolving. An inherent consequence is that a variant's clinical significance might be reinterpreted over time as new evidence emerges regarding its pathogenicity or lack thereof. This raises ethical, legal, and financial issues as to whether there is a responsibility to recontact research participants to provide updates on reinterpretations of variants after the initial analysis. There has been discussion concerning the extent of this obligation in the context of both research and clinical care. Although clinical recommendations have begun to emerge, guidance is lacking on the responsibilities of researchers to inform participants of reinterpreted results. To respond, an American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) workgroup developed this position statement, which was approved by the ASHG Board in November 2018. The workgroup included representatives from the National Society of Genetic Counselors, the Canadian College of Medical Genetics, and the Canadian Association of Genetic Counsellors. The final statement includes twelve position statements that were endorsed or supported by the following organizations: Genetic Alliance, European Society of Human Genetics, Canadian Association of Genetic Counsellors, American Association of Anthropological Genetics, Executive Committee of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Canadian College of Medical Genetics, Human Genetics Society of Australasia, and National Society of Genetic Counselors