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Browsing by Subject "Obstructive Sleep Apnea"
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Item Does Acute Exercise Improve Driving Performance in Patients with Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea?(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Patel, Niral; White, CaylenObstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent, yet frequently undiagnosed sleep disorder that often is associated with excessive daytime fatigue, and increased risk for motor vehicle accidents. Although treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective, adherence in many patients with OSA is often problematic. The primary objective of this study is to determine if a brief bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves driving performance in those who have recently been diagnosed with, are awaiting treatment for OSA. Each participant will complete two visits to the TASI Driving Simulator Lab where they will perform two 20-minute driving simulation tests, one of which will involve a brief (10-min) bout of moderate-intensity exercise (e.g. walking briskly). Measures of interest during the driving simulation trials include lane deviation, collision events, and braking response time. We hypothesize that driving performance will be improved during simulated driving trials where OSA patients participate in short duration exercise immediately before driving. The research proposed in this application is significant because our focus is on an inexpensive intervention (i.e. exercise) available to virtually all OSA patients that may have short- and long-term potential for improving key OSArelated outcomes considered essential for driving safety.Item Improving CPAP Adherence for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Practical Application Primer on CPAP Desensitization(2020) Chernyak, YelenaIntroduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical condition with well-established morbidity and mortality. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a highly effective treatment prescribed to most individuals with OSA that has documented poor adherence rate for a variety of reasons including claustrophobia and discomfort. CPAP desensitization is an effective, simple, and brief treatment shown to improve adherence rates to CPAP. Methods: A psychologist specializing in behavioral sleep medicine developed this module focused on teaching medical residents the techniques of CPAP desensitization. The educational activity was an interactive 45-minute seminar which included a didactic component followed by a case presentation and interactive role-play. A post-seminar survey was used to evaluate the content of the workshop, as well as growth in awareness and perception of knowledge and skills with a pre- to post-workshop evaluation. Results: In a survey of 25 primary care and psychiatry residents and sleep medicine fellows, 92% of respondents indicated that the topic of CPAP barriers and CPAP desensitization was important. Ratings of self-reported knowledge and skills improved nearly one-third following the workshop. Qualitative feedback indicated the utility and enthusiasm learners had for this topic. Discussion: The workshop on CPAP desensitization was a valuable tool that should be disseminated more widely to improve treatment adherence in the significant portion of the population that suffers from OSA which does not use adherence to positive airway pressure therapy. The workshop is applicable to other health professionals including medical students and nursing, social work, or psychology trainees.Item Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at Two Years of Age for Premature Infants Diagnosed With Neonatal Obstructive Sleep Apnea(American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2017-11-15) Bandyopadhyay, Anuja; Harmon, Heidi; Slaven, James E.; Daftary, Ameet S.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineSTUDY OBJECTIVES: Neurocognitive deficits have been shown in school-aged children with sleep apnea. The effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants is unknown. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for all preterm infants (< 37 weeks) who had neonatal polysomnography (PSG) and completed neurodevelopmental assessment with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition, between 2006 to 2015 at Riley Hospital. Exclusion criteria included grade IV intraventricular hemorrhage, tracheostomy, cyanotic heart disease, severe retinopathy of prematurity, craniofacial anomalies, or central and mixed apnea on PSG. Sleep apnea was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 1 event/h. Regression analyses were performed to find a relationship between PSG parameters and cognitive, language, and motor scores. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (males: n = 10) were eligible for the study. Median postmenstrual age at the time of the PSG was 41 weeks (37-46). Median AHI for the cohort was 17.4 events/h (2.2-41.3). Median cognitive, language, and motor scores were 90 (65-125), 89 (65-121), and 91 (61-112), respectively. Mean end-tidal CO2 (median 47 mm Hg [25-60]) negatively correlated with cognitive scores (P = .01) but did not significantly correlate with language or motor scores. AHI was not associated with cognitive, language, or motor scores. CONCLUSIONS: The median score for cognitive, language, and motor scores for preterm infants with neonatal OSA were within one standard deviation of the published norm. Mean end-tidal CO2, independent of AHI, may serve as a biomarker for predicting poor cognitive outcome in preterm infants with neonatal OSA.Item The Validity and Reliability of the PAVS and IPAQ-SF as Physical Activity Assessment Tools in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea(2020-01) Adolphs, Max W.; Kaleth, Anthony; Keith, NiCole; Riley, Zachary; Warden, StuartEfforts to encourage the medical community to prescribe exercise for disease prevention and management have increased significantly in recent years. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), it is encouraging that exercise has been shown to improve sleep efficiency, daytime sleepiness, and disease severity. However, in order to better understand the dose-response relationship between exercise and OSA-related outcomes, accurate and reliable methods for assessing physical activity habits are needed. Purpose: To determine the test-retest reliability and validity of two self-report physical activity questionnaires [Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS); International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)] in an OSA population. Methods: 39 adults with moderate-to-severe OSA wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days and completed the PAVS and IPAQ-SF (twice within 10 d), along with questionnaires on quality of life, sleepiness, and treatment adherence. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Criterion and construct validity were determined using Pearson (r) and Spearman correlation coefficients (ρ), respectively. Results: PAVS and IPAQ-SF scores were reported as total min/wk of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Test-retest reliability for MVPA was excellent for PAVS (ICC = 0.982) and good for IPAQ-SF (ICC = 0.766). MVPA assessed via accelerometry was strongly correlated with PAVS (r = 0.802) and moderately with IPAQ-SF (r = 0.569). Both PAVS and IPAQ-SF were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (ρ = -0.273 and -0.268, respectively), but no other variables. Conclusions: The PAVS and IPAQ-SF are reliable and valid PA questionnaires and may be utilized as a tool for accurately assessing physical activity levels in OSA patients.