Browsing by Subject "Neuropsychological testing"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Self‐reported hearing loss is associated with faster cognitive and functional decline but not diagnostic conversion in the ADNI cohort
    (Wiley, 2024) Miller, Alyssa A.; Sharp, Emily S.; Wang, Selena; Zhao, Yize; Mecca, Adam P.; van Dyck, Christopher H.; O’Dell, Ryan S.; Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI); Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Introduction: Hearing loss is identified as one of the largest modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia. Studies evaluating this relationship have yielded mixed results. Methods: We investigated the longitudinal relationship between self-reported hearing loss and cognitive/functional performance in 695 cognitively normal (CN) and 941 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Results: Within CN participants with hearing loss, there was a significantly greater rate of cognitive decline per modified preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite. Within both CN and MCI participants with hearing loss, there was a significantly greater rate of functional decline per the functional activities questionnaire (FAQ). In CN and MCI participants, hearing loss did not significantly contribute to the risk of progression to a more impaired diagnosis. Discussion: These results confirm previous studies demonstrating a significant longitudinal association between self-reported hearing loss and cognition/function but do not demonstrate an increased risk of conversion to a more impaired diagnosis. Clinical trial registration information: NCT00106899 (ADNI: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, clinicaltrials.gov), NCT01078636 (ADNI-GO: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Grand Opportunity, clinicaltrials.gov), NCT01231971 (ADNI2: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2, clinicaltrials.gov), NCT02854033 (ADNI3: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3, clinicaltrials.gov). Highlights: Hearing loss is a potential modifiable risk factor for dementia. We assessed the effect of self-reported hearing loss on cognition and function in the ADNI cohort. Hearing loss contributes to significantly faster cognitive and functional decline. Hearing loss was not associated with conversion to a more impaired diagnosis.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Short-Term Practice Effects on Cognitive Tests Across the Late Life Cognitive Spectrum and How They Compare to Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease
    (Sage, 2024) Duff, Kevin; Hammers, Dustin B.; Koppelmans, Vincent; King, Jace B.; Hoffman, John M.; Neurology, School of Medicine
    Background: Practice effects on cognitive testing in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain understudied, especially with how they compare to biomarkers of AD. Objective: The current study sought to add to this growing literature. Methods: Cognitively intact older adults (n = 68), those with amnestic MCI (n = 52), and those with mild AD (n = 45) completed a brief battery of cognitive tests at baseline and again after one week, and they also completed a baseline amyloid PET scan, a baseline MRI, and a baseline blood draw to obtain APOE ɛ4 status. Results: The intact participants showed significantly larger baseline cognitive scores and practice effects than the other two groups on overall composite measures. Those with MCI showed significantly larger baseline scores and practice effects than AD participants on the composite. For amyloid deposition, the intact participants had significantly less tracer uptake, whereas MCI and AD participants were comparable. For total hippocampal volumes, all three groups were significantly different in the expected direction (intact > MCI > AD). For APOE ɛ4, the intact had significantly fewer copies of ɛ4 than MCI and AD. The effect sizes of the baseline cognitive scores and practice effects were comparable, and they were significantly larger than effect sizes of biomarkers in 7 of the 9 comparisons. Conclusion: Baseline cognition and short-term practice effects appear to be sensitive markers in late life cognitive disorders, as they separated groups better than commonly-used biomarkers in AD. Further development of baseline cognition and short-term practice effects as tools for clinical diagnosis, prognostic indication, and enrichment of clinical trials seems warranted.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Quick Dementia Rating System and Its Relationship to Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Neuropsychological Performance
    (Karger, 2022) Duff, Kevin; Wan, Laura; Levine, Deborah A.; Giordani, Bruno; Fowler, Nicole R.; Fagerlin, Angela; King, Jace B.; Hoffman, John M.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Introduction: The Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS) is a brief, patient-reported dementia staging tool that has approximated scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no studies have examined its relationship with AD-related biomarkers. Methods: One-hundred twenty-one older adults (intact, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, mild AD) completed the QDRS, and three biomarkers (amyloid deposition via positron emission tomography, hippocampal volume via magnetic resonance imaging, and apolipoprotein [APOE] ε4 status). Results: The Total score on the QDRS was statistically significantly related to all three biomarkers (after controlling for age, education, sex, and race), with greater levels of dementia severity being associated with greater amyloid deposition, smaller hippocampi, and having copies of APOE ε4 allele. Discussion: In participants across the cognitive spectrum, the QDRS showed modest relationships with amyloid deposition, hippocampal volumes, and APOE status. Therefore, the QDRS may offer a cost-effective screening method for clinical trials in AD.