Browsing by Subject "Neuroblastoma"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Anterior mediastinal neuroblastoma in an adult: an additional case of a rare tumor in an unusual location with review of the literature
    (BMC, 2023-11-29) Collins, Katrina; Ulbright, Thomas M.; Davis, Jessica L.; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    Neuroblastoma is rare in the adult population, especially in thoracic or mediastinal locations, with only 25 previously reported cases. We report an additional example of primary thymic neuroblastoma in a previously asymptomatic 71-year-old man with an anterior mediastinal mass who underwent robotic excision with pericardium and adjacent lung. The tumor was a 5.2 cm partially encapsulated, white-tan and rubbery mass with grossly identifiable areas of necrosis (25%) and hemorrhage. Histologically, the specimen showed a rim of adipose tissue and residual thymic tissue with areas of cystic thymic epithelium and prominent lymphoid tissue containing Hassall’s corpuscles. The tumor was composed of uniform, round cells with scant cytoplasm and small nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli set within a background of conspicuous neuropil. Mitotic figures were easily found. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells expressed synaptophysin, chromogranin, NKX2.2 (diffuse, nuclear), GFAP (patchy), SMI31 (neurofilament) (focal, cytoplasmic), and TdT (diffuse, nuclear), while lacking expression of CD99, TTF-1, CK 20, MCPyV, PHOX2B, Olig2, OCT3/4, CD45, CD3 and PAX5. S100 protein was negative in the neuroblastic cells, with scattered positive cells in a vague sustentacular-like pattern. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for isochromosome 12p and EWSR1 gene rearrangement were negative. As thymic neuroblastoma is extremely rare in adults, a neuroblastic tumor of germ cell origin (either primary or metastatic) or spread from a sinonasal tract tumor should be excluded because of differing treatments and prognoses. The properties of these rare neoplasms appear similar to olfactory neuroblastoma rather than pediatric-type neuroblastoma.
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    Design, synthesis, and evaluation of curcumin-derived arylheptanoids for glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cytotoxicity
    (Elsevier, 2014-11-21) Campos, Catherine A.; Gianino, Joseph B.; Bailey, Barbara J.; Baluyut, Mary E.; Wiek, Constanze; Hanenberg, Helmut; Shannon, Harlan E.; Pollok, Karen E.; Ashfeld, Brandon L.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Using an innovative approach toward multiple carbon-carbon bond-formations that relies on the multifaceted catalytic properties of titanocene complexes we constructed a series of C1-C7 analogs of curcumin for evaluation as brain and peripheral nervous system anti-cancer agents. C2-Arylated analogs proved efficacious against neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH & SK-N-FI) and glioblastoma multiforme (U87MG) cell lines. Similar inhibitory activity was also evident in p53 knockdown U87MG GBM cells. Furthermore, lead compounds showed limited growth inhibition in vitro against normal primary human CD34+hematopoietic progenitor cells. Taken together, the present findings indicate that these curcumin analogs are viable lead compounds for the development of new central and peripheral nervous system cancer chemotherapeutics with the potential for little effects on normal hematopoietic progenitor cells.
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    Neuroblastoma Formation Requires Unconventional CD4 T Cells and Arginase-1–Dependent Myeloid Cells
    (American Association for Cancer Research, 2021) Van de Velde, Lee-Ann; Allen, E. Kaitlynn; Crawford, Jeremy Chase; Wilson, Taylor L.; Guy, Clifford S.; Russier, Marion; Zeitler, Leonie; Bahrami, Armita; Finkelstein, David; Pelletier, Stephane; Schultz-Cherry, Stacey; Thomas, Paul G.; Murray, Peter J.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Immune cells regulate tumor growth by mirroring their function as tissue repair organizers in normal tissues. To understand the different facets of immune-tumor collaboration through genetics, spatial transcriptomics, and immunologic manipulation with noninvasive, longitudinal imaging, we generated a penetrant double oncogene-driven autochthonous model of neuroblastoma. Spatial transcriptomic analysis showed that CD4+ and myeloid populations colocalized within the tumor parenchyma, while CD8+ T cells and B cells were peripherally dispersed. Depletion of CD4+ T cells or CCR2+ macrophages, but not B cells, CD8+ T cells, or natural killer (NK) cells, prevented tumor formation. Tumor CD4+ T cells displayed unconventional phenotypes and were clonotypically diverse and antigen independent. Within the myeloid fraction, tumor growth required myeloid cells expressing arginase-1. Overall, these results demonstrate how arginine-metabolizing myeloid cells conspire with pathogenic CD4+ T cells to create permissive conditions for tumor formation, suggesting that these protumorigenic pathways could be disabled by targeting myeloid arginine metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE: A new model of human neuroblastoma provides ways to track tumor formation and expansion in living animals, allowing identification of CD4+ T-cell and macrophage functions required for oncogenesis.
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    Nutrition regimens for children with advanced neuroblastoma
    (1981) Detamore, Catherine Mary
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    Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis in a 12-year-old survivor of stage IV neuroblastoma
    (Elsevier, 2018-04-01) Agochukwu, Nnenaya; Fitzgerald, Tamara; Alomari, Ahmed Khalid; Christison-Lagay, Emily; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis (PCE) is the second most common benign neoplasm of the epididymis [1]. It is very uncommon and has never been reported in a prepubertal male. It may occur sporadically, but more often occurs in association with von Hippel- Lindau (VHL) disease [2]. There have been over 60 reports of patients with such tumors, with the youngest patient being 16 years old. We present the case of a 12- year old male with a history of stage IV neuroblastoma. He presented with a left paratesticular mass that was discovered on routine follow up physical exam with his pediatric oncologist. He was asymptomatic at the time of presentation with no signs or symptoms of hypoandrogenism. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis was negative for lymphadenopathy and additional disease sites. Given the patient's history of stage IV neuroblastoma, there was suspicion of yolk sac tumor or metastases; he underwent an open radical left orchiectomy. Frozen section was consistent with yolk sac tumor, however final pathology revealed normal testicle with PCE. To date, this patient is the youngest reported patient with this diagnosis; furthermore papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis has never been reported in a patient with neuroblastoma.
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    Racial and Ethnic Survival Disparities Among Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Children's Oncology Group Report
    (American Medical Association, 2025-02-03) Umaretiya, Puja J.; Naranjo, Arlene; Zhang, Fan F.; Park, Julie R.; Weiss, Brian D.; Granger, Meaghan; Desai, Ami V.; Ozkaynak, M. Fevzi; Yu, Alice L.; Aziz-Bose, Rahela; Pruitt, Sandi L.; DuBois, Steven G.; Bagatell, Rochelle; Bona, Kira; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Importance: Whether population-based racial and ethnic survival disparities for children with high-risk neuroblastoma persist in the clinical trial setting is unknown. Objective: To investigate racial and ethnic survival disparities among children with high-risk neuroblastoma treated on frontline clinical trials. Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study used data from Children's Oncology Group (COG) high-risk neuroblastoma trials from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2016, with a data freeze on June 30, 2021. Children with high-risk neuroblastoma were analyzed in 2 cohorts: induction/consolidation trial participants and post-consolidation trial participants. Statistical analyses were performed from September 2, 2021, to December 30, 2024. Exposures: Race and ethnicity were the primary exposures, categorized as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic other (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander), or non-Hispanic White. Main outcomes and measures: Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) from time of trial enrollment, estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods. Associations with race and ethnicity were evaluated by log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Secondary outcomes included induction delays, early trial withdrawal, relapse as first event, death as first event, postrelapse OS, and early phase trial enrollment. Results: The induction/consolidation cohort (median follow-up, 8.3 years [IQR, 6.1-9.8 years]) included 696 patients (404 males [58.1%]; 79 Hispanic patients [11.4%], 109 non-Hispanic Black patients [15.7%], 27 patients of non-Hispanic other race [3.9%], and 481 non-Hispanic White patients [69.1%]). The post-consolidation cohort (median follow-up, 7.5 years [IQR, 5.8-9.4 years]) included 935 patients (567 males [60.6%]; 87 Hispanic patients [9.3%], 145 non-Hispanic Black patients [15.5%], 41 patients of non-Hispanic other race [4.4%], and 662 non-Hispanic White patients [70.8%]). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, Hispanic children experienced significantly inferior OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78; 95% CI, 1.25-2.53; P = .01) on induction/consolidation studies compared with non-Hispanic White children; EFS did not differ. Non-Hispanic Black (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.13-2.11) and Hispanic children (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.43) experienced inferior OS on post-consolidation studies compared with non-Hispanic White children (P = .009); Hispanic children in post-consolidation studies experienced inferior EFS (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.14-2.47; P = .02). Death as first event and postrelapse OS also differed by race and ethnicity. Conclusions and relevance: This study suggests that Black and Hispanic children with high-risk neuroblastoma experienced inferior OS despite uniform planned treatment on frontline COG clinical trials. Investigated mechanisms did not completely explain survival disparities. Future evaluation of disparate treatment-related toxicities and postrelapse care as explanatory mechanisms are key next steps to promote equity.