Browsing by Subject "Mpox"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    A case report of Mpox (Monkeypox) in male traveler
    (Elsevier, 2023) AlBahrani, Salma; AlGarzai, Ruba; Aljunaid, Thamir O.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Medicine, School of Medicine
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    Clinical features and outcome of human Mpox (Monkeypox) in Saudi Arabia: An observational study of travel-related cases
    (Elsevier, 2023) Assiri, Abdullah M.; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Jokhdar, Hani A.; Algwizani, Abdullah R.; Albarraq, Ahmed M.; Alanazi, Khalid H.; Alamri, Ahlam H.; Almohammadi, Emad L.; Abuhasan, Musallam Y.; Alserehi, Haleema A.; Rebh, Fatimah Z.; Alrossais, Amirah; Alawad, Eman; AlBahrani, Salma; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: The 2022 Monkeypox virus (Mpox) outbreak had involved multiple countries around the globe. Here, we report clinical features and outcome of human Mpox of the first cases in Saudi Arabia. Methods: We obtained records of confirmed Mpox cases in Saudi Arabia from the public electronic health information system, Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) and the healthcare providers completed a de-identified structured clinical data collection form. Results: The reported seven cases were travel-related and all were males between 24 and 41 years of age (mean age + SD) was 30.14 (+ 6.69) years. Of the cases, three (43 %) had heterosexual contact and the others had other intimate encounters while traveling abroad. They presented with skin lesions (100 %), fever (86 %), and lymphadenopathy (71 %). The illness was mild to moderate, did not require antiviral medications, and lasted 7-15 days. The mean duration of skin rash (+ SD) was 10 (+ 2.68) days. Routine laboratory tests (CBC, BUN, serum electrolytes, and liver enzymes) were within normal limits, and initial screening for HIV was negative. Expanded contact tracing did not reveal secondary cases of Mpox in the community or the healthcare setting. Conclusion: The current study showed heterosexual transmission of Mpox and the clinical course was mild and non-complicated. Therefore, clinicians and public health professionals should consider Mpox among individuals presenting with skin rash especially in the context of the investigation of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.
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    Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcome of mpox: A study of 381 cases in Saudi Arabia
    (Elsevier, 2024-03-21) Assiri, Abdullah M.; Alserehi, Haleema; Abuhasan, Musallam Yunus; Khalil, Einas Adul Aziz; Al-Thunayan, Mohammed Hussain; Alshehri, Mohammed Saaban; Alrossais, Amirah Abdulmohsen; Abudahish, Abdulrahman Saeed; Alsahafi, Abdullah Jaber; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objectives: There are limited data on the clinical and epidemiological aspects of mpox in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the characteristics of Mpox cases from May to September 2023. Methods: A total of 381 cases of Mpox were included in this study, diagnosed based on a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory testing. Results: The majority of mpox cases were males (91.1%), with a mean age of (±SD) of 32.4 (±8.3) years; 356 (93.4%) did not report travel, 277 (72.7%) denied engaging in extra-marital sex, and 379 (99.5%) were not linked to secondary cases. Fever was reported in 371 (97.4%), whereas headache was present in 314 (82.4%). Cough (1.3%) and conjunctivitis (0.5%) were rare. The most commonly affected areas in terms of lesions were the palms and soles (297 cases, 78%), followed by the genitals (206 cases, 54%), face (198 cases, 52%), and mouth (160 cases, 42%). Of the 1325 identified contacts, 1134 (85.5%) were hospital contacts, and 191 (14.5%) were community contacts, and 393 (29.6%) were high-risk contact. Of the high-risk contacts, 284 (72.3%) accepted post-exposure vaccination. The genotyped samples were all subclade IIb (formerly the West Africa clade). Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into mpox characteristics in Saudi Arabia. The genome of monkeypox virus belonged to subclade IIb of the West Africa clade. Further analysis of the global tree sublineage is needed.
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    The resurgence of monkeypox: Epidemiology, clinical features, and public health implications in the post-smallpox eradication era
    (Elsevier, 2024-09-24) Singh, Parminder; Sridhar, Sathvik Belagodu; Shareef, Javedh; Talath, Sirajunisa; Mohapatra, Priyanka; Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli; Ballal, Suhas; Kaur, Mandeep; Nathiya, Deepak; Sharma, Shilpa; Prasad, G. V. Siva; Sinha, Aashna; Varma, Amit; Bushi, Ganesh; Gaidhane, Abhay M.; Satapathy, Prakasini; Shabil, Muhammed; Sah, Renu; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Sah, Ranjit; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The recent global resurgence of Mpox (formerly monkeypox), primarily transmitted via close contact and respiratory droplets, highlights a significant shift in its epidemiology, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). This resurgence underscores the need for robust public health responses and improved surveillance. This comprehensive review of current literature focuses on recent outbreaks, virology, and available treatments. Epidemiological data were gathered from various international health reports and analysed to understand transmission dynamics and outbreak patterns. Mpox, characterised by symptoms like fever and rash, has shown variable clinical presentations, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. Recent outbreaks have prompted the development of new diagnostic methods and treatments, including antivirals like Tecovirimat and vaccines such as MVA-BN. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of these vaccines in preventing infection, which is crucial for outbreak containment. The global response to the Mpox resurgence requires integrated strategies combining vaccination, antiviral treatments, and public health policies tailored to high-risk populations. Future efforts should focus on vaccine distribution equity and enhancing diagnostic capabilities to effectively manage and mitigate the impact of Mpox.