Browsing by Subject "Motor function"

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    DBS in the restoration of motor functional recovery following spinal cord injury
    (Frontiers Media, 2024-12-04) Li, Wen-yuan; Qu, Wen-rui; Li, Yi; Wang, Shu-ying; Liu, Dong-ming; Deng, Ling-xiao; Wang, Ying; Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine
    The landscape of therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for locomotor function recovery is rapidly evolving. This review provides an overview of electrical neuromodulation effects on spinal cord injury (SCI), focusing on DBS for motor functional recovery in human and animal models. We highlight research providing insight into underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. A literature review via Web of Science and PubMed databases from 1990 to May 29, 2024, reveals a growing body of evidence for therapeutic DBS in SCI recovery. Advances in techniques like optogenetics and whole-brain tractogram have helped elucidate DBS mechanisms. Neuronal targets sites for SCI functional recovery include the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), cuneiform nucleus (CNF), and nucleus raphe magnus (NRG), with pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), periaqueductal gray (PAG), and nucleus ventroposterolateral thalami (VPL) for post-injury functional recovery treatment. Radiologically guided DBS optimization and combination therapy with classical rehabilitation have become an effective therapeutic method, though ongoing interventional trials are needed to enhance understanding and validate DBS efficacy in SCI. On the pre-clinical front, standardization of pre-clinical approaches are essential to enhance the quality of evidence on DBS safety and efficacy. Mapping brain targets and optimizing DBS protocols, aided by combined DBS and medical imaging, are critical endeavors. Overall, DBS holds promise for neurological and functional recovery after SCI, akin to other electrical stimulation approaches.
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    Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2025) Lee, Do-Hun; Cao, Dan; Moon, Younghye; Chen, Chen; Liu, Nai-Kui; Xu, Xiao-Ming; Wu, Wei; Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine
    Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group (10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.