Browsing by Subject "Mental Illness"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Gaining a Comprehensive Understanding of Behavioral and Mental Health Service Utilization through Data Integration
    (2017-10-05) Karikari, Isaac; Walton, Betty A.
    There are several micro and macro factors that impact these children and youth’s (including their families’) access to and utilization of services. Therefore, knowledge and understanding of contextual factors and service utilization trends and patterns are essential. Although data to develop such knowledge may exist, it is often siloed or structured in ways that do not easily allow for meaningful interpretations and inferences to be made. This presentation demonstrates the use of data integration to engender an understanding of the contextual factors impacting children and youth’s utilization of behavioral and mental health services in Indiana from 2004 to 2016.
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    Investigating Religious Orientation and the Attribution Model of Mental Illness Stigma
    (2019-05) Johnson-Kwochka, Annalee V.; Salyers, Michelle P.; Minor, Kyle S.; Stull, Laura; Ashburn-Nardo, Leslie
    Objectives: The Attribution Model of mental illness stigma posits that attributions about the causes and controllability of mental illness contribute to prejudicial emotional reactions, which in turn may lead to discriminatory behaviors towards people with mental illnesses. Given that people make different assumptions about different mental illnesses, if this model is correct, it suggests that specific diagnoses would elicit different types of stigma. Another important, but unexamined, predictor is extrinsic religious orientation, which correlates positively with other types of prejudice and may predict higher levels of mental illness stigma. The purpose of this study was to test the Attribution Model of stigma and examine the relationships between diagnosis, religious orientation, and stigma. Methods: Participants (n = 334) were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk, randomized to read one of three vignettes about a person with a mental illness (i.e., schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, depression), and completed measures of mental illness stigma, religious orientation and affiliation, familiarity with mental illness, and authoritarianism. Using latent variable path analysis, analysis of covariance, and multiple regression analyses, relationships in the Attribution Model of mental illness stigma were assessed, as well as the impact of diagnosis and extrinsic religiosity on specific aspects of stigma as measured by the Attribution Questionnare-27 subscales (i.e., blame, anger, pity, danger/fear, avoidance, segregation, and coercion). Results: Assessment of the Attribution Model indicated moderate overall model fit after respecification. Path coefficients indicated strong relationships between variables that were generally consistent with paths predicted by the model. One notable exception was that feelings of pity were not associated with greater helping behaviors. Analysis of covariance suggested that diagnosis was a key predictor of stigma, and that schizophrenia was the most stigmatized. Multiple regression analyses revealed that extrinsic religiosity was also an important predictor of stigma; extrinsic religiosity appeared to increase certain types of stigma, and moderate the relationship between diagnosis and stigma overall. Discussion: Although the respecified Attribution Model fit the data fairly well, the findings suggest that either the scale or the model would benefit from further refinement. Results support prior evidence that severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia are more stigmatized than other diagnoses. Extrinsic religiosity was also predictive of increased stigma, both directly and indirectly. As a moderator, extrinsic religiosity may decrease the impact of diagnosis on stigma, raising stigma for diagnoses perceived as more “controllable” (i.e., anorexia nervosa, depression) such that levels were similar to schizophrenia. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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    Predictors of Shared Decision Making and Level of Agreement between Consumers and Providers in Psychiatric Care
    (2014) Fukui, Sadaaki; Salyers, Michelle P.; Matthias, Marianne S.; Collins, Linda; Thompson, John; Coffman, Melinda; Torrey, William C.
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    Self-Stigma vs. Perceived Public Stigma Toward Mental Illness in Rural Adults
    (2024-04-26) McCreary, Brent; Danek, Robin; Ireland, Ellen; Reyes, Eric
    Introduction: Mental illness is a clinically significant behavioral or psychological condition1. Stigma toward mental health comes in two primary forms: Self-stigma and perceived public stigma. Purpose: The objective of this study is to quantify the amount of stigma toward mental illness in rural adults and analyze differences in stigma across demographic groups. Methods: Adults were offered a 14-item questionnaire at five different sites from January 2023 to April 2023. Rural distinctions were made based on participants' reported county of residence following the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs (OCRA) definition of rurality. Demographic information such as age, gender, marital status, total household income, and highest level of education were also obtained. Results: Rural adults experience mild amounts of self-stigma (14.52 +/- 5.0) and moderate amounts of perceived public stigma (18.4 +/- 4.3). Adults aged 46-65 experience more significant levels of perceived public stigma when compared to those of younger participants. An inverse relationship exists between the highest level of education and self-stigma towards mental illness. Seventy two percent of respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the statement, “In general, others believe that having a mental illness is a sign of personal weakness or inadequacy.” Conclusions: This study demonstrates that perceived public stigma toward mental illness presents a significant barrier to care for mental illness. Adults aged 46-65 are especially vulnerable to the perceived public stigma toward mental illness. To provide the largest benefit to rural populations, anti-stigma campaigns should focus on perceived public stigma among adults aged 46-65.