Browsing by Subject "Infant Mortality"
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Item Considerations in Safe to Sleep® Messaging: Learning from African American Mothers(2019) Stiffler, Deborah; Matemachani, Sherry; Crane, LisaPurpose: The purpose of this study was to identify why African American mothers do not tend to follow the Safe to Sleep® recommendations and to begin to identify a way to frame the Safe to Sleep® message so that African American mothers might be more likely to follow these recommendations. Design: We recruited African American mothers with infants over the age of 6 months to participate in two focus groups facilitated by a Community Engagement Manager experienced in focus group facilitation. We used ethnography in order to find shared patterns of behavior and beliefs in African American women related to safe sleep. Results: We identified 14 concepts and formulated them into three categories: It’s Just Easier; Can’t Fight Culture and Grandma; and Effectively Teaching Mother. From these we were able to identify the shared value of Multifaceted Learning. Practice Implications: African American Mothers say that they are generally aware of the Safe to Sleep® recommendations, even though the majority of mothers do not follow them. The reasons they give for not following them are that they are not comfortable doing so, they feel they are unable to do so, or find it unnecessary. Many of the mothers attempted to follow the Safe to Sleep® recommendations, but abandoned the effort due to the stress of their crying infant. Trying to follow the Safe to Sleep® recommendations were stressful for the mothers, even though there was concern expressed by some that their infant could indeed suffocate or die from SIDS. The mothers gave suggestions on how they would change the message or the delivery of the message.Item Development and Interim Evaluation of WeCare Indiana: a Community-tailored Text Messaging Intervention to Reduce Infant Mortality in East Central Indiana(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Gelarden, I.A.; Shieh, Carol; Clark, J.L.; Fry, S.J.; Smithson, G.E.; Thomas, R.R.; Umoren, R.A.Background: Text messaging is an effective way to distribute health information and reduce risky health behaviors.1,2 In 2014, the East Central Indiana Fetal and Infant Mortality Program of the Delaware County Health Department developed a community-based text messaging intervention program called “WeCare Indiana” as an innovative approach to promote positive pregnancy outcomes. This abstract reports the interim evaluation of health promotional text messages for prenatal clients. Methods: The program was developed using a community-collaborative model. Over 200 prenatal and infant health text messages were reviewed and evaluated by community representatives. Messages included information regarding fetal and infant development, health promotion, and risk prevention strategies with links to local resources. Prenatal messages were then reviewed by prenatal clients for their relevance, clarity, and likelihood to change healthrelated behavior during pregnancy. The program was promoted locally and currently has 98 enrollees. A 4-month interim program evaluation was developed to assess program awareness, reasons for enrolling or not enrolling, and overall satisfaction with text message content. A convenience sample of prenatal clients at a Federally Qualified Health Center participated in the evaluation process. Results: Of the 43 prenatal clients that participated, 10 (23%) clients had heard about the health messaging service. Of those participants, 6 (60%) had chosen to enroll in the program. Enrollees reported hearing about the program through word of mouth, posters, fliers, health care providers, and social media. Reasons given for not enrolling included lack of awareness or interest, technical difficulties, and procrastination. All enrollees reported that the messages were helpful. Conclusions: An effort to reduce fetal and infant mortality in East Central Indiana led to the development and evaluation of community-tailored health messages. The evaluation results will be used to encourage client awareness and enrollment in the program.Item Globally, What Affects Primary Caregivers’ Grieving Processes Leading To Subsequent Effective And Ineffective Coping Strategies Following An Infant Mortality.(Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2015-04-17) Birch, Nicole R.; Campbell, Hailey N.; Cullen, Deborah; Stiffler, DeborahWorldwide in 2013, 4.6 million infant deaths occurred within the first year of life and accounted for 74% of all deaths under the age of 5 years old. As a result of these infant death events, there are varied zcaregiver grief responses and coping strategies. The purpose of this study was to meta-synthesize what factors affect primary caregiver grieving processes and then analyze their effective and ineffective coping strategies. After a rigorous multi-database search, we accessed 9 articles worldwide from years 1995-2013 for inclusion. These 9 papers were assessed for credibility by a primary and secondary reviewer via standardized critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction and metaaggregation of the findings was carried out to determine intergenerational coping strategies and grieving process after an infant death. Eight peer reviewed articles were included in the aggregation. The data extracted included specific details about intergenerational support, interrelationship support, and lasting emotional impressions following an infant death. We identified that the influence of living children and parents of the primary caregivers are significant sources of intergenerational support. Conversely there is a lack of support between primary caregivers leading to incomplete coping and grieving processes within the relationship. Furthermore, lasting emotional impressions were acknowledged as a recurrent theme among individuals affected by the loss of an infant. Nursing interventions and education should be identified that address caregiver and family member grieving processes and coping strategies such as follow up emotional coping assessments at regular intervals for those at risk for poor coping. Nurses have the ability to play a vital role in improving the family and caregiver outcomes including positive coping strategies and healthy grieving processes following infant mortality.Item How an Interprofessional Team Develops and Implements a Grassroots Maternal-Child Health Leadership Program to Address Infant mortality(2019-10) Stiffler, Deborah; Evans, Kelly; Hale-Tahirou, Latoya; Loper, Ilene; Moore, Vera; Phillips, Ashley; Levine, Naomi; Anderson, Heather; Turman, JackBackground: It is time to complement the work of our health care providers with a concerted statewide, community-centered approach to build infrastructures and systems that address social-economic-environmental factors that contribute to poor birth outcomes. The complexity of system issues that contribute to poor birth outcomes requires an interprofessional team, comprised of community and academic partners to develop feasible, affordable and implementable solution strategies. Hypothesis: Community capacity building improves MCH-related social-political factors of communities with poor birth outcomes.Item Racial Equity Considerations In Safe To Sleep Messaging: Learning From The Community(2019) Stiffler, Deborah; Roessner, K.; Amundson, M; Hapke, L.; Harvey, E.; Sizemore, S.; Smith, S.; Matemachani, S.; Crane, L.Black infants are dying at a rate of over twice that of White infants. We know that infants in unsafe sleep positions are more likely to die from Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID). Safe to Sleep® education has led to a dramatic decrease in mortality among white infants, but over 60% of Black families do not follow the Safe to Sleep® parameters. Safe to Sleep® education is given to pregnant women during the prenatal period and prior to hospital discharge, but what is the best way to share this message with Black families?Item Racial Equity Considerations in Safe to Sleep Messaging: Learning from the Community(2019) Stiffler, DeborahItem Understanding the Social and Cultural Factors Related to African American Infant Mortality: a Phenomenological Approach(2010-08-10T18:10:59Z) Barnes, Glenna Lebby; Adamek, Margaret E.; Patchner, Michael A.; Sims, Sherry; Smith, Linda A.; Ward, RichardTwice as many African American infants die each year when compared to white infants. While infant mortality rates have declined for all ethnic groups in the United States over the past fifty years, the racial gap has remained persistent, and is not fully understood despite numerous quantitative studies. The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of African American women in relationship to the black gap in infant mortality. Thirteen African American women participated in either a focus group or in–depth interviews. Women were asked to use their life experiences to identify factors that would increase the understanding of African American infant mortality. Several themes emerged indicating that the experience of stress and racism are constant factors in African American women’s lives and are inseparable from their pregnancy experience.Item When Baby Stops Breathing: Analysis of Parents’ Interviews(2019) Stiffler, Deborah; Cullen, Deborah; Stephenson, Evelyn; Luna, Gaye; Hartman, TaylorSudden unexplained infant death (SUID) is responsible for 14% of Indiana’s infant mortality (ISDH, 2015a). The purpose of this qualitative research study was to describe parents’ experiences when death of an infant occurred suddenly and unexpectedly. Field deputies or social workers interviewed mothers or fathers from central Indiana during the child-death team investigations. The Thematic Analysis Program (TAP) from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used to analyze interview data. Seventeen de-identified interview cases were extracted, and a meta-aggregate method was conducted. The three synthesized themes were Extreme Emotional Shock, We Feel Like We're to Blame, and Working Toward Moving On. Understanding these phenomena from mothers’ experience may assist in eliminating risks associated with infant deaths and inform nursing practice and policy.