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Item A Study of the Correlation of Incisive Biting Forces with Age, Sex and Anterior Occlusion(1971) Kotwal, Navroze Shavak; Standish, S. Miles; Chalian, Varoujan A.; Shanks, James C.This study was designed to prove or disprove the fact that incisive biting force can be correlated with the variables chosen which were age, sex and anterior occlusion (overjet, overbite and cuspid relation). The amount of linear contact made by the incisal edges of the upper and lower incisors was also included as one of the variables. One hundred and fifty individuals, 80 males and 70 females, between the ages of 10 and 25 were selected for this study. This was a cross sectional study in which four readings of the maximum biting ability were recorded for every individual just once during the study and an average of the four recordings was taken. An intra-oral force transducer using strain gages was employed to record incisive biting forces. The results indicated that age, sex and amount of linear contact were correlated with biting force when considered singly. When the variables were considered jointly through a stepwise regression analysis overbite also entered as a significant predictor of biting force in addition to the three mentioned variables. Multiple correlation coefficient R was 0.54 for the four entered variables (age squared, sex, overbite and linear contact squared) with biting force. The R squared value was 0.29 so that 29 percent of the variation in incisive biting force of this sample was due to these four variables. The correlated R-squared value indicates a large error of prediction and a low degree of precision in estimating biting force from these four variables. Therefore, a regression equation is not demonstrated.Item AAV and hepatitis: Cause or coincidence?(Elsevier, 2022) de Jong, Ype P.; Herzog, Roland W.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineItem AAV Immunogenicity: New Answers Create New Questions(Elsevier, 2018-11-07) Shirley, Jamie L.; Herzog, Roland W.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineComment on Exposure to wild-type AAV drives distinct capsid immunity profiles in humans. [J Clin Invest. 2018]Item Abdominal Pain at an Altitude(Elsevier, 2022-04) Russ, Jason; Kara, Areeba; Medicine, School of MedicineA 29-year-old man presented for evaluation to the Emergency Department with 3 days of worsening abdominal pain. The pain was described as severe and was located in the left lower quadrant without radiation. It improved with assuming the supine position and was exacerbated by movement. On the day of presentation, he developed nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. He was traveling in Peru when the pain began and thought it was related to something he ate, so he did not initially seek medical attention. Upon returning to the United States, he sought evaluation as his symptoms escalated. He had no known chronic medical problems and was not taking any prescription medications.Item Activation of OCT4 enhances ex vivo expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by regulating HOXB4 expression(SpringerNature, 2016-01) Huang, Xinxin; Lee, Man-Ryul; Cooper, Scott; Hangoc, Giao; Hong, Ki-Sung; Chung, Hyung-Min; Broxmeyer, Hal E.; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, IU School of MedicineAlthough hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are the best characterized and the most clinically used adult stem cells, efforts are still needed to understand how to best ex vivo expand these cells. Here we present our unexpected finding that OCT4 is involved in the enhancement of cytokine-induced expansion capabilities of human cord blood (CB) HSC. Activation of OCT4 by Oct4-activating compound 1 (OAC1) in CB CD34(+) cells enhanced ex vivo expansion of HSC, as determined by a rigorously defined set of markers for human HSC, and in vivo short-term and long-term repopulating ability in NSG mice. Limiting dilution analysis revealed that OAC1 treatment resulted in 3.5-fold increase in the number of SCID repopulating cells (SRCs) compared with that in day 0 uncultured CD34(+) cells and 6.3-fold increase compared with that in cells treated with control vehicle. Hematopoietic progenitor cells, as assessed by in vitro colony formation, were also enhanced. Furthermore, we showed that OAC1 treatment led to OCT4-mediated upregulation of HOXB4. Consistently, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HOXB4 expression suppressed effects of OAC1 on ex vivo expansion of HSC. Our study has identified the OCT4-HOXB4 axis in ex vivo expansion of human CB HSC.Item Adapting Civility Education in an Academic-Practice Partnership(Slack, 2021-12) Opsahl, Angela G.; Embree, Jennifer L.; Howard, Matthew S.; Davis-Ajami, Mary Lynn; Herrington, Cynthia; Wellman, Debra S.; Hodges, Kimberly T.; School of NursingBACKGROUND: Incivility results in nurse burnout, decreased job performance, and decreased patient safety. Leaders of an academic-practice partnership developed educational activities promoting organizational civility during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this article is to describe an educational activity about civility that was transitioned to a virtual platform and participants' comfort engaging in and responding to incivility. METHOD: Face-to-face education was converted to a synchronous online event, supporting 75 nurses, nursing students, and other health care professionals in attendance. Activities consisted of cognitive rehearsal techniques, breakout rooms, simulation videos, group debriefs, and panel discussions delivered via Zoom and Mentimeter software. RESULTS: Workplace Civility Index results were significantly different from pretest to post-test. Seventy-two percent of participants were not comfortable gossiping about others, but only 30% were comfortable responding to incivility. CONCLUSION: Promoting civility awareness through a virtual education platform using cognitive rehearsal techniques and reflection can provide support for current and future nurses.Item Adaptive changes of the Insig1/SREBP1/SCD1 set point help adipose tissue to cope with increased storage demands of obesity(American Diabetes Association, 2013-11) Carobbio, Stefania; Hagen, Rachel M.; Lelliott, Christopher J.; Slawik, Marc; Medina-Gomez, Gema; Tan, Chong-Yew; Sicard, Audrey; Atherton, Helen J.; Barbarroja, Nuria; Bjursell, Mikael; Bohlooly-Y, Mohammad; Virtue, Sam; Tuthill, Antoinette; Lefai, Etienne; Laville, Martine; Wu, Tingting; Considine, Robert V.; Vidal, Hubert; Langin, Dominique; Oresic, Matej; Tinahones, Francisco J.; Manuel Fernandez-Real, Jose; Griffin, Julian L.; Sethi, Jaswinder K.; López, Miguel; Vidal-Puig, Antonio; Medicine, School of MedicineThe epidemic of obesity imposes unprecedented challenges on human adipose tissue (WAT) storage capacity that may benefit from adaptive mechanisms to maintain adipocyte functionality. Here, we demonstrate that changes in the regulatory feedback set point control of Insig1/SREBP1 represent an adaptive response that preserves WAT lipid homeostasis in obese and insulin-resistant states. In our experiments, we show that Insig1 mRNA expression decreases in WAT from mice with obesity-associated insulin resistance and from morbidly obese humans and in in vitro models of adipocyte insulin resistance. Insig1 downregulation is part of an adaptive response that promotes the maintenance of SREBP1 maturation and facilitates lipogenesis and availability of appropriate levels of fatty acid unsaturation, partially compensating the antilipogenic effect associated with insulin resistance. We describe for the first time the existence of this adaptive mechanism in WAT, which involves Insig1/SREBP1 and preserves the degree of lipid unsaturation under conditions of obesity-induced insulin resistance. These adaptive mechanisms contribute to maintain lipid desaturation through preferential SCD1 regulation and facilitate fat storage in WAT, despite on-going metabolic stress.Item Amyloid-β precursor protein synthesis inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease treatment(Wiley, 2014-10) Greig, Nigel H.; Sambamurti, Kumar; Lahiri, Debomoy K.; Becker, Robert E.; Department of Psychiatry, IU School of MedicineItem Ancient genomes indicate population replacement in Early Neolithic Britain(Springer Nature, 2019-05) Brace, Selina; Diekmann, Yoan; Booth, Thomas J.; van Dorp, Lucy; Faltyskova, Zuzana; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Olalde, Iñigo; Ferry, Matthew; Michel, Megan; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Stewardson, Kristin; Martiniano, Rui; Walsh, Susan; Kayser, Manfred; Charlton, Sophy; Hellenthal, Garrett; Armit, Ian; Schulting, Rick; Craig, Oliver E.; Sheridan, Alison; Parker Pearson, Mike; Stringer, Chris; Reich, David; Thomas, Mark G.; Barnes, Ian; Biology, School of ScienceThe roles of migration, admixture and acculturation in the European transition to farming have been debated for over 100 years. Genome-wide ancient DNA studies indicate predominantly Aegean ancestry for continental Neolithic farmers, but also variable admixture with local Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Neolithic cultures first appear in Britain circa 4000 BC, a millennium after they appeared in adjacent areas of continental Europe. The pattern and process of this delayed British Neolithic transition remain unclear. We assembled genome-wide data from 6 Mesolithic and 67 Neolithic individuals found in Britain, dating 8500-2500 BC. Our analyses reveal persistent genetic affinities between Mesolithic British and Western European hunter-gatherers. We find overwhelming support for agriculture being introduced to Britain by incoming continental farmers, with small, geographically structured levels of hunter-gatherer ancestry. Unlike other European Neolithic populations, we detect no resurgence of hunter-gatherer ancestry at any time during the Neolithic in Britain. Genetic affinities with Iberian Neolithic individuals indicate that British Neolithic people were mostly descended from Aegean farmers who followed the Mediterranean route of dispersal. We also infer considerable variation in pigmentation levels in Europe by circa 6000 BC.Item ASO Author Reflections: National Analysis of Breast Surgery Malpractice Cases: A Teachable Moment?(Springer, 2021-12) James, Ted A.; Fan, Betty; Surgery, School of Medicine