Browsing by Subject "Hostility"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Associations between affective factors and high-frequency heart rate variability in primary care patients with depression
    (Elsevier, 2022-10) Shell, Aubrey L.; Gonzenbach , Virgilio; Sawhney , Manisha; Crawford, Christopher A.; Stewart, Jesse C.; Psychology, School of Science
    Objective Depression is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and subgroups of people with depression may be at particularly elevated CVD risk. Lower high-frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV), which reflects diminished parasympathetic activation, is a candidate mechanism underlying the depression-CVD relationship and predicts cardiovascular events. Few studies have examined whether certain depression subgroups – such as those with co-occurring affective factors – exhibit lower HF HRV. The present study sought to assess associations between co-occurring affective factors and HF HRV in people with depression. Methods Utilizing baseline data from the 216 primary care patients with depression in the eIMPACT trial, we examined cross-sectional associations of depression's co-occurring affective factors (i.e., anxiety symptoms, hostility/anger, and trait positive affect) with HF HRV. HF HRV estimates were derived by spectral analysis from electrocardiographic data obtained during a supine rest period. Results Individual regression models adjusted for demographics and depressive symptoms revealed that anxiety symptoms (standardized regression coefficient β = −0.24, p = .002) were negatively associated with HF HRV; however, hostility/anger (β = 0.02, p = .78) and trait positive affect (β = −0.05, p = .49) were not. In a model further adjusted for hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, current smoking, CVD prevention medication use, and antidepressant medication use, anxiety symptoms remained negatively associated with HF HRV (β = −0.19, p = .02). Conclusion Our findings suggest that, in adults with depression, those with comorbid anxiety symptoms have lower HF HRV than those without. Co-occurring anxiety may indicate a depression subgroup at elevated CVD risk on account of diminished parasympathetic activation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Magnesium intake was inversely associated with hostility among American young adults
    (Elsevier, 2021) Lyu, Chen; Tsinovoi, Cari L.; Xun, Pengcheng; Song, Yiqing; Pu, Yongjia; Rosanoff, Andrea; Iribarren, Carlos; Schreiner, Pamela J.; Shikany, James M.; Jacobs, David R.; Kahe, Ka; Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Hostility is a complex personality trait associated with many cardiovascular risk factor phenotypes. Although magnesium intake has been related to mood and cardio-metabolic disease, its relation with hostility remains unclear. We hypothesize that high total magnesium intake is associated with lower levels of hostility because of its putative antidepressant mechanisms. To test the hypothesis, we prospectively analyzed data in 4,716 young adults aged 18-30 years at baseline (1985-1986) from four U.S. cities over five years of follow-up using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Magnesium intake was estimated from a dietary history questionnaire plus supplements at baseline. Levels of hostility were assessed using the Cook-Medley scale at baseline and year 5 (1990-1991). Generalized estimating equations were applied to estimate the association of magnesium intake with hostility as repeated measures at the two time-points (baseline and year 5). General linear model was used to determine the association between magnesium intake and change in hostility over 5 years. After adjustment for socio-demographic and major lifestyle factors, a significant inverse association was observed between magnesium intake and hostility level over 5 years of follow-up. Beta coefficients (95% CI) across higher quintiles of magnesium intake were 0 (reference), -1.28 (-1.92, -0.65), -1.45 (-2.09, -0.81), -1.41 (-2.08, -0.75) and -2.16 (-2.85, -1.47), respectively (Plinear-trend<.01). The inverse association was independent of socio-demographic and major lifestyle factors, supplement use, and depression status at year 5. This prospective study provides evidence that in young adults, high magnesium intake was inversely associated with hostility level independent of socio-demographic and major lifestyle factors.