Browsing by Subject "Hematologic Diseases"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    Haematological abnormalities in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
    (Informa UK (Informa Healthcare), 2012-10) Song, Rhonnie; Subbarao, Girish C.; Maheshwari, Akhil; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants born prior to 32 weeks gestation or with a birth weight less than 1500 grams. In this article, we review hematological abnormalities associated with NEC. METHODS: A literature search was performed using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus, and the electronic archive of abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the Pediatric Academic Societies. RESULTS: Thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, increased or decreased neutrophil counts, and hemolytic anemia are frequent events in NEC. CONCLUSIONS: NEC is associated with several hematological abnormalities, which may play a direct or indirect role in the pathogenesis of gut mucosal injury, and may also carry important prognostic information.
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    Role of Rho kinases in abnormal and normal hematopoiesis
    (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014-07) Mali, Raghuveer Singh; Kapur, Simryn; Kapur, Reuben; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of Medicine
    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Rho kinases (ROCKs) are involved in regulating a variety of physiologic functions including cytoskeletal reorganization, migration, adhesion, survival and proliferation. They do so via activating several different downstream substrates such as myosin light chain phosphatase, LIM kinase and ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins. To date, most of the conclusions with regard to the function of ROCKs have involved the use of cell line models, pharmacologic inhibitors and dominant negative approaches. Importantly, the role of ROCK in hematopoiesis or leukemogenesis in the context of whole organism remains poorly understood. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies utilizing mice deficient in the expression of ROCK1 have begun to shed some light into the physiologic role(s) of ROCK in both normal and abnormal hematopoiesis. Findings, thus far, suggest that ROCK plays an essential role in regulating growth and survival in different hematopoietic lineages via distinct mechanisms, in part, by utilizing distinct downstream substrates including maintaining the activation of tumor-suppressor genes. SUMMARY: In blood cells, emerging data suggest that ROCK plays an essential role in negatively regulating inflammatory and erythropoietic stress and positively regulates the growth and survival of leukemic cells.