Browsing by Subject "Grading"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Assessing the Process of Team-Based Projects to Promote Quality Contribution and Equitable Assessment
    (Indiana University, 2024-03-08) Zhu, Liugen
    This article explores the development and implementation of a multifaceted evaluation approach aimed at assessing both the product and process aspects of team-based projects. Specifically, it delves into the practice of utilizing peer evaluation to evaluate the intricate process dynamics within team-based projects. In support of this methodology, this article references relevant literature and theories to underscore the importance of assessing the process and advocating for equitable assessment practices. The article includes the peer evaluation form, an informative FAQ page, a group discussion assignment, and a hypothetical example illustrating the grading process.
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    Endoscopic Evidence That Randall's Plaque is Associated with Surface Erosion of the Renal Papilla
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2017-01) Cohen, Andrew J.; Borofsky, Michael S.; Anderson, Blake B.; Dauw, Casey A.; Gillen, Daniel L.; Gerber, Glenn S.; Worcester, Elaine M.; Coe, Fredric L.; Lingeman, James E.; Urology, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess the reliability and precision of an endoscopic grading scale to identify renal papillary abnormalities across a spectrum of equipment, locations, graders, and patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intra- and interobserver reliability of the papillary grading system was assessed using weighted kappa scoring among 4 graders reviewing a single renal papilla from 50 separate patients on 2 occasions. Grading was then applied to a cohort of patients undergoing endoscopic stone removal procedures at two centers. Patient factors were compared with papillary scores on the level of the papilla, kidney, and patient. RESULTS: Graders achieved substantial (kappa >0.6) intra- and inter-rater reliability in scored domains of ductal plugging, surface pitting, and loss of contour. Agreement for Randall's Plaque (RP) was moderate. Papillary scoring was then performed for 76 patients (89 kidneys, 533 papillae). A significant association was discovered between pitting and RP that held both within and across institutions. A general linear model was then created to further assess this association and it was found that RP score was a highly significant independent correlate of pitting score (F = 7.1; p < 0.001). Mean pitting scores increased smoothly and progressively with increasing RP scores. Sums of the scored domains were then calculated as a reflection of gross papillary abnormality. When analyzed in this way, a history of stone recurrence and shockwave lithotripsy were strongly predictive of higher sums. CONCLUSIONS: Renal papillary pathology can be reliably assessed between different providers using a newly described endoscopic grading scale. Application of this scale to stone-forming patients suggests that the degree of RP appreciated in the papilla is strongly associated with the presence of pitting. It also suggests that patients with a history of recurrent stones and lithotripsy have greater burdens of gross papillary disease.
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    Utility of Pathology Imagebase for Standardization of Prostate Cancer Grading
    (Wiley, 2018-07) Egevad, Lars; Delahunt, Brett; Berney, Dan M.; Bostwick, David G.; Cheville, John; Comperat, Eva; Evans, Andrew J.; Fine, Samson W.; Grignon, David J.; Humphrey, Peter A.; Hörnblad, Jonas; Iczkowski, Kenneth A.; Kench, James G.; Kristiansen, Glen; Leite, Katia R.M.; Magi-Galluzzi, Cristina; McKenney, Jesse; Oxley, Jon; Pan, Chin-Chen; Samaratunga, Hemamali; Srigley, John R.; Takahashi, Hiroyuki; True, Lawrence D.; Tsuzuki, Toyonori; van der Kwast, Theo; Varma, Murali; Zhou, Ming; Clements, Mark; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine
    Aims: Despite efforts to standardise grading of prostate cancer, even among experts there is still a considerable variation in grading practices. In this study we describe the use of Pathology Imagebase, a novel reference image library, for setting an international standard in prostate cancer grading. Methods and results: The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) recently launched a reference image database supervised by experts. A panel of 24 international experts in prostate pathology reviewed independently microphotographs of 90 cases of prostate needle biopsies with cancer. A linear weighted kappa of 0.67 (95% confidence interval = 0.62-0.72) and consensus was reached in 50 cases. The interobserver weighted kappa varied from 0.48 to 0.89. The highest level of agreement was seen for Gleason score (GS) 3 + 3 = 6 (ISUP grade 1), while higher grades and particularly GS 4 + 3 = 7 (ISUP grade 3) showed considerable disagreement. Once a two-thirds majority was reached, images were moved automatically into a public database available for all ISUP members at www.isupweb.org. Non-members are able to access a limited number of cases. Conclusions: It is anticipated that the database will assist pathologists to calibrate their grading and, hence, decrease interobserver variability. It will also help to identify instances where definitions of grades need to be clarified.