Browsing by Subject "Gastrointestinal symptoms"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Human Immunoglobulin for Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Children with Autistic Disorder
    (Springer, 2009-01-16) Handen, Benjamin L.; Melmed, Raun D.; Hansen, Robin L.; Aman, Michael G.; Burnham, David L.; Bruss, Jon B.; McDougle, Christopher J.; Psychiatry, School of Medicine
    Controversy exists regarding the extent and possible causal relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and autism. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups, dose-ranging study of oral, human immunoglobulin (IGOH 140, 420, or 840 mg/day) was utilized with 125 children (ages 2–17 years) with autism and persistent GI symptoms. Endpoint analysis revealed no significant differences across treatment groups on a modified global improvement scale (validated in irritable bowel syndrome studies), number of daily bowel movements, days of constipation, or severity of problem behaviors. IGOH was well-tolerated; there were no serious adverse events. This study demonstrates the importance of conducting rigorous trials in children with autism and casts doubt on one GI mechanism presumed to exert etiological and/or symptomatic effects in this population.
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    Feeling gutted in chronic kidney disease (CKD): Gastrointestinal disorders and therapies to improve gastrointestinal health in individuals CKD, including those undergoing dialysis
    (Wiley, 2021-10-27) Biruete, Annabel; Shin, Andrea; Kistler, Brandon M.; Moe, Sharon M.; Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health and Human Sciences
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 9.1% of the population worldwide. CKD may lead to structural and functional gastrointestinal alterations, including impairment in the intestinal barrier, digestion and absorption of nutrients, motility, and changes to the gut microbiome. These changes can lead to increased gastrointestinal symptoms in people with CKD, even in early grades of kidney dysfunction. Gastrointestinal symptoms have been associated with lower quality of life and reduced nutritional status. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in improving gastrointestinal health in this clinical population. Gastrointestinal health can be influenced by lifestyle and medications, particularly in advanced grades of kidney dysfunction. Therapies focused on gastrointestinal health have been studied, including the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, yielding limited and conflicting results. This review summarizes the alterations in the gastrointestinal tract structure and function and provides an overview of potential nutritional interventions that kidney disease professionals can provide to improve gastrointestinal health in individuals with CKD.
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    S0143 Association of Search Engine Queries for COVID-19 and Diarrhea With COVID-19 Epidemiology
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2020-10) Jansson-Knodell, Claire; Bhavsar, Indira; Shin, Andrea; Kahi, Charles; Medicine, School of Medicine
    INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a far-reaching pandemic that has changed the landscape of human interaction. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, are part of the spectrum of disease. Previous infectious disease studies have shown good correlation between online search engine queries and disease burden, thereby allowing tracking. We aimed to assess the relationship between Google searches for COVID-19 and diarrhea with COVID-19 epidemiology, including incidence and mortality. METHODS: Google Trends, a publicly available and free service that tracks online search frequency, was utilized to identify online searches for combined diarrhea plus COVID-19 from March 3, 2020 to May 4, 2020. These results were stratified by state and then compared with publicly reported incidence data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the same timeframe. A control search of other COVID-19 associated symptoms listed by the CDC was performed. Additional control searches of the individual search terms diarrhea and COVID-19 were conducted. Correlations between geographic location and epidemiologic trends were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: State-by-state searches for COVID-19 plus diarrhea were correlated with mortality reported as deaths per capita (R = 0.31; P = 0.03) [Figure 1], but not incidence reported as cases per capita (R = 0.19; P = 0.19). New Hampshire had the highest number of COVID-19 plus diarrhea searches while Alaska, Hawaii, Montana, and West Virginia had the lowest relative search frequency. Diarrhea was the second most searched symptom in conjunction with COVID-19 [Figure 2]. Fever and cough, which are thought of as more traditional upper respiratory viral symptoms, were also commonly searched. Diarrhea alone was more frequently searched than COVID-19 alone or COVID-19 plus diarrhea [Figure 3]. CONCLUSION: Our data show weak correlation between mortality and COVID-19 searches. This indicates that, for COVID-19, online search analysis is unlikely to be a good substitute for more traditional methods of patient testing, case tracking, and early detection. However, Google Trends of searches for COVID-19 plus diarrhea, in addition to being a marker for disease interest, may still be useful as part of a more complex model for tracking disease as they parallel search activity for COVID-19 in general.