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Item Fetal hyperglycemia and a high fat diet contribute to aberrant glucose tolerance and hematopoiesis in adulthood(Nature Publishing Group, 2015-02) Blue, Emily K.; Ballman, Kimberly; Boyle, Frances; Oh, Eunjin; Kono, Tatsuyoshi; Quinney, Sara K.; Thurmond, Debbie C.; Evans-Molina, Carmella; Haneline, Laura S.; Department of Pediatrics, IU School of MedicineBackground Children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy are at increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Our goal was to identify metabolic and hematopoietic alterations after intrauterine exposure to maternal hyperglycemia that may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic morbidities. Methods Streptozotocin treatment induced maternal hyperglycemia during the last third of gestation in rat dams. Offspring of control mothers (OCM) and diabetic mothers (ODM) were evaluated for weight, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and hematopoiesis defects. The effects of aging were examined in normal and high fat diet (HFD)-fed young (8-week-old) and aged (11-month-old) OCM and ODM rats. Results Young adult ODM males on a normal diet, but not females, displayed improved glucose tolerance due to increased insulin levels. Aged ODM males and females gained more weight than OCM on a HFD and had worse glucose tolerance. Aged ODM males fed a HFD were also neutrophilic. Increases in bone marrow cellularity and myeloid progenitors preceded neutrophilia in ODM males fed a HFD. Conclusion When combined with other risk factors like HFD and aging, changes in glucose metabolism and hematopoiesis may contribute to the increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension observed in children of GDM mothers.Item Report and recommendations: research on the fetus -- Part II(1975) United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchPart I of this report contains the official mandate. The nature and purpose of research involving the fetus are summarized in Part II. The alternative means for achieving the purposes of fetal research are summarized in Part III. Parts IV and V discuss the legal and ethical issues. Part VI contains views expressed at public hearings. Part VII explores fetal viability and death. Part VIII covers the report deliberations and conclusions. Part IX details the recommendations.