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Item 2009 Congregational Economic Impact Study(2009) Lake Institute on Faith & Giving; The Alban InstituteChanges in charitable giving have long been linked to changes in the overall economy.i Research indicates that charitable giving is associated with personal income, gross domestic product, and changes in investment returns. In general, during times of strong economic growth, giving tends to increase, and during times of slower economic growth, philanthropy continues but at a modest rate of growth. Finally, during economic downturns, giving generally declines, even after adjusting for inflation.Item The 2013 Congregational Economic Impact Study(2013) School of Philanthropy Project TeamThis study draws upon three distinct periods to better understand the impact of the Great Recession. Respondents were asked to refer to the 2011 fiscal year, to compare years prior to 2011, and to provide information about conditions up to the first half of 2012. This study does not include complete fiscal year data for 2012. Moreover, since the timing of the Great Recession’s impact varied across North America, respondents answered recession-related questions based upon their own experience of when economic conditions were the worst for them.Item A Look at the Effect of Two Extractive Industries on the Economy of Midland Michigan from 1850 to 1949(2022-07) Getzin, Kristen Marie; Scarpino, Philip V.; Robertson, Nancy Marie; Shrum, Rebecca K.This thesis will investigate the effect of extractive industries on the economy of an average Midwestern town from the mid-1800s until the conclusion of the WWII. Primary and secondary sources were studied to gain an understanding of the effect of extractive industries on the development of Midland Michigan. Due to its complete reliance on extractive industries for its economic welfare Midland suffered extreme economic upheavals. In conclusion Midland’s intensive boom and bust economy mirrors Michigan’s own rocky relationship with extractive industries.