Browsing by Subject "Disorder prediction"

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    Lighting up Nobel Prize-winning studies with protein intrinsic disorder
    (Springer, 2022-07-26) Piersimoni, Lolita; Abd el Malek, Marina; Bhatia, Twinkle; Bender, Julian; Brankatschk, Christin; Sánchez, Jaime Calvo; Dayhoff, Guy W.; Di Ianni, Alessio; Parra, Jhonny Oscar Figueroa; Garcia-Martinez, Dailen; Hesselbarth, Julia; Köppen, Janett; Lauth, Luca M.; Lippik, Laurin; Machner, Lisa; Sachan, Shubhra; Schmidt, Lisa; Selle, Robin; Skalidis, Ioannis; Sorokin, Oleksandr; Ubbiali, Daniele; Voigt, Bruno; Wedler, Alice; Wei, Alan An Jung; Zorn, Peter; Dunker, Alan Keith; Köhn, Marcel; Sinz, Andrea; Uversky, Vladimir N.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
    Intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs and IDRs) and their importance in biology are becoming increasingly recognized in biology, biochemistry, molecular biology and chemistry textbooks, as well as in current protein science and structural biology curricula. We argue that the sequence → dynamic conformational ensemble → function principle is of equal importance as the classical sequence → structure → function paradigm. To highlight this point, we describe the IDPs and/or IDRs behind the discoveries associated with 17 Nobel Prizes, 11 in Physiology or Medicine and 6 in Chemistry. The Nobel Laureates themselves did not always mention that the proteins underlying the phenomena investigated in their award-winning studies are in fact IDPs or contain IDRs. In several cases, IDP- or IDR-based molecular functions have been elucidated, while in other instances, it is recognized that the respective protein(s) contain IDRs, but the specific IDR-based molecular functions have yet to be determined. To highlight the importance of IDPs and IDRs as general principle in biology, we present here illustrative examples of IDPs/IDRs in Nobel Prize-winning mechanisms and processes.
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    On the roles of intrinsically disordered proteins and regions in cell communication and signaling
    (BMC, 2021-08-30) Bondos, Sarah E.; Dunker, A. Keith; Uversky, Vladimir N.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
    For proteins, the sequence → structure → function paradigm applies primarily to enzymes, transmembrane proteins, and signaling domains. This paradigm is not universal, but rather, in addition to structured proteins, intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs and IDRs) also carry out crucial biological functions. For these proteins, the sequence → IDP/IDR ensemble → function paradigm applies primarily to signaling and regulatory proteins and regions. Often, in order to carry out function, IDPs or IDRs cooperatively interact, either intra- or inter-molecularly, with structured proteins or other IDPs or intermolecularly with nucleic acids. In this IDP/IDR thematic collection published in Cell Communication and Signaling, thirteen articles are presented that describe IDP/IDR signaling molecules from a variety of organisms from humans to fruit flies and tardigrades (“water bears”) and that describe how these proteins and regions contribute to the function and regulation of cell signaling. Collectively, these papers exhibit the diverse roles of disorder in responding to a wide range of signals as to orchestrate an array of organismal processes. They also show that disorder contributes to signaling in a broad spectrum of species, ranging from micro-organisms to plants and animals.