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Browsing by Subject "Disease severity"
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Item The gut microbiome, immunity, and Plasmodium severity(Elsevier, 2020-12) Waide, Morgan L.; Schmidt, Nathan W.; Pediatrics, School of MedicineMalaria continues to pose a severe threat to over half of the world's population each year. With no long-term, effective vaccine available and a growing resistance to antimalarials, there is a need for innovative methods of Plasmodium treatment. Recent evidence has pointed to a role of the composition of the gut microbiota in the severity of Plasmodium infection in both animal models and human studies. Further evidence has shown that the gut microbiota influences the adaptive immune response of the host, the arm of the immune system necessary for Plasmodium clearance, sustained Plasmodium immunity, and vaccine efficacy. Together, this illustrates the future potential of gut microbiota modulation as a novel method of preventing severe malaria.Item Significance of granulomas in the outcomes of Crohn's disease patients(Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, 2022) Saade, Marie Christelle; Wehbe, Hisham; Mourad, Fadi H.; Hosni, Mohammad; Francis, Fadi F.; Makki, Maha; Binion, David G.; Tamim, Hani; Farraye, Francis A.; Malik, Talha; Hashash, Jana G.; Medicine, School of MedicineBackground: The presence of granulomas in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the characteristic histologic features of Crohn's disease (CD). The clinical significance of granulomas remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the presence of granulomas on endoscopic pinch biopsy or surgical resection from the upper or lower GI tract is associated with worse outcomes among patients with CD. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients with CD evaluated at a tertiary care center between 1996 and 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of granulomas on GI histology. Clinical and laboratory data, and outcomes of interest, were obtained from the electronic medical records. Patients' characteristics and outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results: A total of 237 patients were included in our study; 41 (17.3%) had granulomas on their biopsy/resection specimen. The presence of granulomas in the GI tract was significantly associated with the development of intra-abdominal abscesses and/or fistulas (P=0.037), greater utilization of immunomodulators (P=0.029), and greater use of immunosuppressive medications (immunomodulator and/or biologic therapy) (P=0.015). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of number of hospitalizations, presence of perianal disease, intestinal resection, mean age, mean age at initial diagnosis of CD, duration of disease, sex, or smoking history. Conclusions: The presence of granulomas in the GI tract of CD patients may serve as a prognostic biomarker of worse disease severity. Larger studies are needed to better validate this finding.Item The magnesium global network (MaGNet) to promote research on magnesium in diseases focusing on covid-19(JLE, 2021) Wolf, Federica I.; Maier, Jeanette A.; Rosanoff, Andrea; Barbagallo, Mario; Baniasadi, Shadi; Castiglioni, Sara; Cheng, Fu-Chou; Colaneri Day, Sherrie; Costello, Rebecca B.; Dominguez, Ligia J.; Elin, Ronald J.; Gamboa-Gomez, Claudia; Guerrero-Romero, Fernando; Kahe, Ka; Kisters, Klaus; Kolisek, Martin; Kraus, Anton; Iotti, Stefano; Mazur, Andre; Mercado-Atri, Moises; Merolle, Lucia; Micke, Oliver; Gletsu-Miller, Nana; Nielsen, Forrest; O-Uchi, Jin; Piazza, Ornella; Plesset, Michael; Pourdowlat, Guitti; Rios, Francisco J.; Rodriguez-Moran, Martha; Scarpati, Giuliana; Shechter, Michael; Song, Yiqing; Spence, Lisa A.; Touyz, Rhian M.; Trapani, Valentina; Veronese, Nicola; von Ehrlich, Bodo; Vormann, Juergen; Wallace, Taylor C.; CMER Center for Magnesium Education, Research; Gesellschaft für Magnesium-Forschung e.V. Germany; SDRM Society (International Society for the Development of Research on Magnesium); Epidemiology, School of Public Health