Browsing by Subject "Diabetes Prevention Program"

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    Analytical Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Diabetes Prevention Program and Weight Watchers as media to prevent Type II Diabetes via Weight Loss in Different Age Categories
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2014-04-11) Khan, Abdul Karim; Palmer, Kelly Nicole Brunson; Marrero, David G.
    Type II Diabetes is a condition in which the body does not utilize insulin properly and causes detrimental symptoms such as glucose build up in the blood, overflown into the urine and passed out of the body without fulfilling the body’s main source of fuel. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is a multi-center clinical research study aimed to discover modest weight loss methods compared to oral medication (Glucophage) which prevents diabetes. Subsequently, the Health Information and Translational Sciences department at Indiana University School of Medicine uses Weight Watchers, a weight loss program, for participants at risk for Type II Diabetes (pre-diabetic) to monitor their weight and glucose levels. Both programs are investigating ways to justify the same hypothesis using different methods. Both studies aspire to determine the most affective ways for people to lose weight in order to prevent Type II Diabetes. The DPP was an efficacy trial to establish a correlation between weight loss and the risk of Type II Diabetes. Although the DPP successfully proved their hypothesis, the Weight Watchers study provides another approach in the mission of diabetes prevention. By analyzing six months of archived physical measurements data for the Diabetes Prevention Program study and the Weight Watchers study, one can determine how affective each program is in preventing weight loss depending on the age classification. The age groups are compared in fifteen-year intervals for both programs. Although both programs are successful in their mission, the conclusion of which program is more affective is still under continued study.
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    Effect of Self-Efficacy on Weight Loss: A Psychosocial Analysis of a Community-Based Adaptation of the Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Intervention
    (American Diabetes Association, 2014-11) Hays, Laura M.; Finch, Emily A.; Saha, Chandan; Marrero, David G.; Ackermann, Ronald T.; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine
    Objective. Weight loss is the most effective approach to reducing diabetes risk. It is a research priority to identify factors that may enhance weight loss success, particularly among those at risk for diabetes. This analysis explored the relationships between self-efficacy, weight loss, and dietary fat intake among adults at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Methods. This pilot, site-randomized trial was designed to compare group-based Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle intervention delivery by YMCA staff to brief counseling alone (control) in 92 adults at risk for diabetes (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2, ≥ 2 diabetes risk factors, and a random capillary blood glucose of 110–199 mg/dl). Self-efficacy was measured using the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. A paired t test was used to determine within-group changes in self-efficacy and weight at 6 and 12 months. Using a fitted model, we estimated how much of an increase in self-efficacy was related to a 5% weight reduction at 6 and 12 months. Results. Self-efficacy was associated with a 5% reduction in baseline weight at 6 and 12 months but was not related to fat intake. Conclusion. These findings suggest that it is important to assess the level of self-efficacy when counseling adults at high risk for diabetes about weight loss. Certain aspects of self-efficacy seem to play a greater role, depending on the stage of weight loss.
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    Rationale and Design of a Comparative Effectiveness Trial to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Mothers and Children: The ENCOURAGE Healthy Families Study
    (Elsevier, 2015-01) Hannon, Tamara S.; Carroll, Aaron E.; Palmer, Kelly N.; Saha, Chandan; Childers, Wendy K.; Marrero, David G.; Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine
    The number of youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is expected to quadruple over 4 decades. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is also increasing and is linked with development of T2D in women, and greater risk for T2D in adolescents exposed to GDM. Despite the increasing prevalence of T2D, approaches to prevent diabetes in high-risk youth and families are rare. To address this, we are conducting the Encourage Health Families Study (ENCOURAGE). This is a randomized trial evaluating the comparative effectiveness and costs of an adaptation of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) directed at mothers who had GDM or prediabetes and their children. The intervention is a group-based lifestyle program which we developed and implemented in partnership with the YMCA. We are comparing the ENCOURAGE intervention targeted to 1) mothers who have had GDM or prediabetes, and 2) mothers who have had GDM or prediabetes along with their school-aged children. This manuscript provides 1) the rationale for a targeted approach to preventing T2D and the interventions, 2) description of the translation of the DPP curriculum, and 3) the study design and methodology. The primary aims are to determine if participation leads to 1) weight loss in high-risk mothers, and 2) youth having healthier weights and lifestyle habits. We will also evaluate costs associated with each approach. These data are essential to build a translation model of T2D prevention that is both realistic and feasible to address this growing problem in both youth and adults.