Browsing by Subject "Developing Countries"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Child labor in Iran: Problems and solutions
    (Cheshmandaz-e Iran, 2010) Makki Alamdari, Sara
    This work describes causes and consequences of a social problem of child labor in Iran. Poverty, discrimination, and inequality are the main causes of this social phenomenon in Iran, which leads to children’s abuse and deprivation. In this case, some children like girls and Afghan and Iraqi refugees’ children are more vulnerable. This work discusses how we can approach to this problem at the micro, meso, and macro levels to mitigate its negative effects on children in labor. It is recommended for people who concern regarding the conditions of child laborers to refer this group of children to existing non-governmental organizations that deliver educational and supportive services to them. It is also critical for the government to improve social welfare system through providing insurances for children in labor. Most importantly, it is necessary for the government and civil society to work together to eliminate child labor. Public awareness-raising is also imperative to improve people’s empathy regrading the condition of children in labor.
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    Critical Interpretive Synthesis of Qualitative Data on the Health Care Ecosystem for Vulnerable Newborns in Low- to Middle-Income Countries
    (Elsevier, 2021-09) Ray, Hannah; Sobiech, Kathleen L.; Alexandrova, Maria; Songok, Julia Jerono; Rukunga, Janet; Bucher, Sherri; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    OBJECTIVE: To critically assess and synthesize qualitative findings regarding the health care ecosystem for vulnerable (low-birth-weight or sick) neonates in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). DATA SOURCES: Between May 4 and June 2, 2020, we searched four databases (Medline [PubMed], SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) for articles published from 2010 to 2020. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed reports of original studies focused on the health care ecosystem for vulnerable neonates in LMICs. We also searched the websites of several international development agencies and included findings from primary data collected between May and July 2019 at a tertiary hospital in Kenya. We excluded studies and reports if the focus was on healthy neonates or high-income countries and if they contained only quantitative data, were written in a language other than English, or were published before 2010. STUDY SELECTION: One of the primary authors conducted an initial review of titles and abstracts (n = 102) and excluded studies that were not consistent with the purpose of the review (n = 60). The two primary authors used a qualitative appraisal checklist to assess the validity of the remaining studies (n = 42) and reached agreement on the final 13 articles. DATA EXTRACTION: The two primary authors independently conducted open and axial coding of the data. We incorporated data from studies with different units of analysis, types of methodology, research topics, participant types, and analytical frameworks in an emergent conceptual development process according to the critical interpretive synthesis methodology. DATA SYNTHESIS: We synthesized our findings into one overarching theme, Pervasive Turbulence Is a Defining Characteristic of the Health Care Ecosystem in LMICs, and two subthemes: Pervasive Turbulence May Cause Tension Between the Setting and the Caregiver and Pervasive Turbulence May Result in a Loss of Synergy in the Caregiver-Parent Relationship. CONCLUSION: Because pervasive turbulence characterizes the health care ecosystems in LMICs, interventions are needed to support the caregiver-parent interaction to mitigate the effects of tension in the setting.
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    Foreign aid: A doctored image of impact on social welfare development in developing countries
    (2005) Gentle-Genitty, Carolyn
    Foreign aid is primarily intended as a wealth transfer mechanism from rich, to poor, countries. Billions of dollars have been distributed in aid largely to assist in social welfare development. Still many are in poverty and tools to evaluate real impact are not in use.
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    Stressors experienced by refugees in transition between home country and resettlement country
    (Council on Social Work Education 2020 Annual Program Meeting, 2020-11) Makki Alamdari, Sara
    This research is an exploratory study on the nature of stressors experienced by refugees before their resettlement in a third country such as the U.S. Eleven Syrian refugees living in Jordan were interviewed. The stressors listed by them are rooted in the systemic challenges existing in the host country such as economic, political, and societal issues.