Browsing by Subject "Dementia prevention"

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    Association Between MIND Diet Score and Cortical Thickness in an Aging Population
    (Wiley, 2025-01-09) Dempsey, Desarae A.; Apostolova, Liana G.; Brosch, Jared R.; Clark, David G.; Farlow, Martin R.; Mathew, Sunu; Unverzagt, Frederick; Wang, Sophia; Gao, Sujuan; Clark, Daniel; Saykin, Andrew J.; Risacher, Shannon L.; Neurology, School of Medicine
    Background The Mediterranean diet has been associated with decreased brain atrophy (Staubo et al. 2016,Alz&Dem), but the MIND (Mediterranean‐Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet, designed for dementia prevention (Morris et al. 2015, Alz&Dem), remains underexplored for its impact on brain atrophy. We investigated the MIND diet’s association with cortical thickness (CT) in the Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (IADRC) sample. Methods 134 participants (49 CN, 45 SCD, 30 MCI, 10 AD/other) completed a self‐report MIND diet questionnaire at the IADRC, which was coded into high, medium, or low intake groups for each food (5 ‘unhealthy’ food groups were reverse scored) and completed an MRI scan on a 3T scanner. The cortical surface was parcellated using FreeSurfer v6. We selected two regions of interest (ROIs) reflecting AD‐associated neurodegeneration: temporal and global CT. We examined the association of MIND diet scores (0‐15) and food groups with CT using regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, education, and diagnosis. Results Higher MIND diet scores were associated with greater mean temporal CT (r = 0.269, p = 0.002) and greater mean global CT (r = 0.230, p = 0.008). In multivariable‐adjusted models, the association persisted for temporal but not global CT. Among the 15 food components, greater olive oil (r = 0.034, p<0.001), fish (r = 0.181, p = 0.040), beans (r = 0.237, p = 0.008), and nuts (r = 0.214, p = 0.014), and reduced fast food intake (r = 0.188, p = 0.035) were significantly associated with temporal CT. These associations, except for nuts, remained significant in multivariable‐adjusted models, with an additional relationship found for chicken (r = 0.189, p = 0.038). Among the 15 food components, greater olive oil (r = 0.243, p = 0.008), and beans (0.180, p = 0.044), and reduced fast food (r = 0.212, p = 0.017) were significantly associated with global CT. Only reduced fast food retained significance in the multivariable‐adjusted models. Conclusions Greater adherence to the MIND diet was associated with greater CT in both global and temporal regions. Specific components, including increased olive oil, beans, nuts, fish, and reduced fast food, showed significant associations with CT, suggesting elements within the diet driving this association. These findings highlight the potential neuroprotective effects of the MIND diet, emphasizing the importance of dietary patterns in preserving brain health during aging.
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    Primary prevention recommendations to reduce the risk of cognitive decline
    (Wiley, 2022) Sabbagh, Marwan N.; Perez, Adriana; Holland, Thomas M.; Boustani, Malaz; Peabody, Stephanie R.; Yaffe, Kristine; Bruno, Michelle; Paulsen, Russell; O’Brien, Kelly; Wahid, Naila; Tanzi, Rudolph E.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Few resources address steps clinicians can take to help patients reduce their risk of dementia, despite growing recognition that brain health can be optimized and that risk reduction for cognitive decline can be accomplished by lifestyle modifications. Methods: To address this gap, UsAgainstAlzheimer's convened a risk reduction workgroup (RRWG) to review existing evidence and develop recommendations for primary care clinicians discussing cognitive decline and risk reduction with their patients. Results: The RRWG produced 11 consensus‐based recommendations and implementation strategies across six topics: neurovascular risk management, physical activity, sleep, nutrition, social isolation, and cognitive stimulation. Discussion: These recommendations are a first step for clinicians to address brain health with patients and potentially help them prevent cognitive decline. To ensure there is routine care for brain health, proper incentives and policies must be instituted and more education for consumers should be provided.
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    The Best of Two Worlds to Promote Healthy Cognitive Aging: Definition and Classification Approach of Hybrid Physical Training Interventions
    (JMIR, 2024-07-31) Herold, Fabian; Theobald, Paula; Gronwald, Thomas; Kaushal, Navin; Zou, Liye; de Bruin, Eling D.; Bherer, Louis; Müller, Notger G.; Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences
    A healthy lifestyle can be an important prerequisite to prevent or at least delay the onset of dementia. However, the large number of physically inactive adults underscores the need for developing and evaluating intervention approaches aimed at improving adherence to a physically active lifestyle. In this regard, hybrid physical training, which usually combines center- and home-based physical exercise sessions and has proven successful in rehabilitative settings, could offer a promising approach to preserving cognitive health in the aging population. Despite its potential, research in this area is limited as hybrid physical training interventions have been underused in promoting healthy cognitive aging. Furthermore, the absence of a universally accepted definition or a classification framework for hybrid physical training interventions poses a challenge to future progress in this direction. To address this gap, this article informs the reader about hybrid physical training by providing a definition and classification approach of different types, discussing their specific advantages and disadvantages, and offering recommendations for future research. Specifically, we focus on applying digital technologies to deliver home-based exercises, as their use holds significant potential for reaching underserved and marginalized groups, such as older adults with mobility impairments living in rural areas.