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Item Hospital value–based purchasing: How acute care advanced practice nurses demonstrate value(Wolters Kluwer, 2021-09-17) Constable, Mark; Mulkey, Malissa; Aucoin, Julia; School of NursingHospital value–based purchasing (HVBP) is a budget neutral initiative from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services designed to adjust the hospital payment system based on health care quality data. Hospital value–based purchasing is designed to promote improved clinical outcomes and better patient experience in the acute care setting. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) in the acute care setting are instrumental to the success of health care institutions under the current payer model in the United States health care system. When APRNs use their advanced knowledge and leadership skills to champion quality improvement and patient experience projects, they may increase financial reimbursement within the HVBP system, thus demonstrating value to the health care institution. Four basic steps could help APRNs demonstrate value to the organization, understand the standard, evaluate your performance compared with the standard, identify opportunities, and implement projects or participate in projects. This article provides a broad overview of the HVBP structure and describes how APRNs can positively influence performance measures, thereby potentially increasing hospital reimbursement.Item The Role and Practice of Clinical Nurse Specialist in Nigeria(Springer, 2021) Obichi, Chidiebele Constance; Anieche, John Emenike; Osuala, Eunice Ogonna; Oruche, Ukamaka M.; Fulton, Janet S.; Holly, Vincent W.Although the clinical nurse specialist was recognized as an expert practitioner in the United States for 50 years, there is an absence of a framework for the clinical nurse specialist role in Nigeria. There are three pathways through which the federal government, state government, and private sector provide specialist education and training for nurses in Nigeria. Nurses who have received graduate education should practice to the full extent of their education and training. Also, nurses who have their practice expanded in the treatment of communicable diseases and reproductive, maternal, newborn, and childcare should be appropriately recognized. This chapter explores challenges to developing the clinical specialist nurse role in Nigeria and the extent to which the clinical nurse specialist role is evolving in Nigeria through specialist education and training for nurses. Regardless of the pathway, setting, or specialty, Nigerian nurses may have achieved many clinical nurse specialist core competencies without a formal master’s education. Hence, Nigeria is long overdue for the development, recognition, and legal inclusion of the clinical nurse specialist role and practice in the career structure of nurses at all levels of the Nigerian health system.