Browsing by Subject "Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy"

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    Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Post-mRNA-1273 Vaccination
    (Cureus, 2022-04-27) Singh, Simranjit; Sanna, Fnu; Adhikari, Ramesh; Akella, Ramya; Gangu, Karthik; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Massive efforts are being made to develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines at an unprecedented rate. The vaccinations' adverse impact profile, on the other hand, has not been well established. Neurological complications are increasingly reported as a result of these vaccines. One such complication identified is immune-mediated inflammatory polyneuropathy, which affects peripheral nerves and neurons. We report a case of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) post-mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine. Recognizing this complication and distinguishing it from Guillain-Barré syndrome enables timely initiation of treatment. Additionally, our report highlights a possible link between vaccination and subsequent development of CIDP, but conclusive evidence of a causal relationship requires more extensive studies.
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    Magnetic resonance imaging enhancement of spinal nerve roots in a boy with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy before diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
    (Elsevier, 2023-11-18) Miller, Derryl; Walsh, Laurence; Smith, Lisa; Supakul, Nucharin; Ho, Chang; Onishi, Toshihiro; Neurology, School of Medicine
    We present a boy with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) who was found to have lumbar nerve root enhancement on a screening MRI of the spine. The MRI was performed for lower extremity predominant symptoms. Several weeks after this MRI, he developed leg pain and was averse to walking long distances. He was diagnosed with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) with electromyography, nerve conduction studies, and serial imaging. His case is consistent with CIDP in association with X-ALD based on improvement with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with continued contrast enhancement and lower extremity symptoms 8 weeks after his initial scans. Contrast enhancement of nerve roots has not been previously described in X-ALD. Nerve root enhancement has been seen in other leukodystrophies such as globoid cell leukodystrophy and metachromatic leukodystrophy. This case also demonstrates comorbid X-ALD with CIDP and highlights possible mechanisms from the literature for this association. We also review the broad differential of cauda equina nerve root enhancement.