Browsing by Subject "Cholestatic liver disease"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in The Fight Against Primary Biliary Cholangitis
    (Xia & He Publishing, 2023) Medford, Abigail; Childs, Jonathan; Little, Ashleigh; Chakraborty, Sanjukta; Baiocchi, Leonardo; Alpini, Gianfranco; Glaser, Shannon; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The liver has a vital role in many metabolic and regulatory processes in the body. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is a chronic cholestatic autoimmune disease of the intrahepatic bile ducts associated with loss of tolerance to mitochondrial antigens. At this time there is no definitive cure for PBC; however, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been shown to reduce injury when administered as the first line of treatment. Additional therapeutics can be given concurrently or as an alternative to UDCA to manage the symptoms and further curb disease progression. Currently, a liver transplant is the only potentially curative option when the patient has developed end-stage liver disease or intractable pruritus. This review aims to delineate the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis and shed light on current therapeutic strategies in the treatment of PBC.
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    Feedback Signaling between Cholangiopathies, Ductular Reaction, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    (MDPI, 2021-08-12) Zhou, Tianhao; Kundu, Debjyoti; Robles-Linares, Jonathan; Meadows, Vik; Sato, Keisaku; Baiocchi, Leonardo; Ekser, Burcin; Glaser, Shannon; Alpini, Gianfranco; Francis, Heather; Kennedy, Lindsey; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Fatty liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are global health disparities, particularly in the United States, as a result of cultural eating habits and lifestyle. Pathological studies on NAFLD have been mostly focused on hepatocytes and other inflammatory cell types; however, the impact of other biliary epithelial cells (i.e., cholangiocytes) in the promotion of NAFLD is growing. This review article will discuss how cholestatic injury and cholangiocyte activity/ductular reaction influence NAFLD progression. Furthermore, this review will provide informative details regarding the fundamental properties of cholangiocytes and bile acid signaling that can influence NAFLD. Lastly, studies relating to the pathogenesis of NAFLD, cholangiopathies, and ductular reaction will be analyzed to help gain insight for potential therapies.
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    Long Non-coding RNA in Liver Metabolism and Disease: Current Status
    (Elsevier, 2017-09) Zhao, Yulan; Wu, Jianguo; Liangpunsakul, Suthat; Wang, Li; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are comprised of RNA transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides in length but lacking identifiable open reading frames (with rare exceptions). Herein, we highlight emerging evidence demonstrating that lncRNAs are critical regulators of liver metabolic function and diseases. We summarize current knowledges about dysregulated lncRNAs and outline the underlying molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs control hepatic lipid ad glucose metabolism, as well as cholestatic liver disease. lncLSTR, Lnc18q22.2, SRA, HULC, MALAT1, lncLGR, MEG3, and H19, lncHR1, lnc-HC, APOA1-AS, DYNLRB2-2, and LeXis are included in the discussion.