Browsing by Subject "Cephalometry"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 37
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    A Cephalometric Analysis Comparing Anteroposterior Mandibular Growth of Treated and Non-Treated Cl 1 and Cl II, Patients
    (1971) Tillmanns, David V.
    This study was conducted to investigate any anteroposterior mandibular growth that occurs after orthodontic treatment is completed and to determine how it might compare with growth in untreated subjects of comparable age. The research sample consisted of 15 males and 23 females who prior to orthodontic treatment had either an Angle Class I or Class 11 division 1 malocclusion. The control group of 14 males and 16 females had normal Class I occlusions. All subjects were Caucasians. A standardized technique for taking lateral cephalometric radiographs was used at the time of debanding and 2 1/2 to 4 1/2 years later for follow up (post-treatment) radiographs. The deband and post-treatment radiographs of each subject were traced and superposed. Measurements were compared to the expected normal values of the control group at a comparable age. With the “t” test, the following significant differences of 0.05 probability or less were found. Effective mandibular length was less than normal in the male Class II treated malocclusion at the time of debanding, and actual mandibular length was greater than normal in the female Class I treated malocclusion at the time of deband and post-treatment periods. Growth was compared between the Class I and Class II treated malocclusion samples within each sex group. No significant differences were observed which suggests that the growth potential of the mandible, with either a Class I or Class II malocclusion, will be the same after treatment.
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    A Cephalometric Analysis Comparing Incremental Skeletal Growth in the Adolescent Face with Projected Growth
    (1973) Wilkins, Don M.
    This study investigated the correlation between predicted growth in cranial base, maxilla, and mandible and the actual growth in these structures over a two-year period. The treatment sample consisted of 13 males and 16 females who prior to orthodontic treatment had a Class I skeletal relationship and an Angle Class I arch length discrepancy. The developmental age varied from 11.0 to 17.0 years of age in males and from 9.5 to 15.0 years of age in females. The control group of 14 males and 16 females had Class I skeletal patterns and Angle Class I occlusions. All subjects were Caucasians. To determine the actual growth values for the treatment sample, a standardized technique was used for taking two lateral cephalometric headplates: one at the beginning of orthodontic treatment and another approximately two years later. A wristplate was also taken from which the developmental age of each subject was determined. Two year growth prediction increments were calculated for each structure in the treatment sample based on the individual's developmental age. These prediction increments represent the average growth of the corresponding structure in the control sample. With the exception of the female mandible, when the predicted growth increments were compared to actual growth, the correlation coefficients were not large enough to justify using mean growth values as predictors of individual craniofacial growth. It was concluded that the individual variation in growth rate precludes the use of a group statistic, such as a mean increment, for predicting facial changes.
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    A Cephalometric Appraisal of Dentofacial Changes Following the Insertion of Artificial Dentures
    (1955) Starr, Richard; Muhler, Joseph; Phillips, Ralph
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    A Cephalometric Evaluation of the Integumental Profile of French Canadian Children
    (1972) Remise, Claude H.
    This study was undertaken in order to obtain standards on the soft tissue facial contour in a French Canadian sample based on analysis of lateral head-plates. Twenty boys and twenty girls were studied longitudinally from 6 to 9 years of age and the same was applied to twenty children of each sex followed from 10 to 13 years of age. No attention was paid to the occlusion and the cases were chosen on the sole basis of acceptable facial profile. The results are analysed and further investigations to be done are described.
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    A Cephalometric Investigation of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
    (1981) Harbour, John P.; Bixler, David; Garner, LaForrest D.; Sondhi, Anoop; Shanks, James C.; Bowman, Sally A.
    The characteristic features of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia were first reported in 1848 by Thurnam. Since this first classification, the characteristic facies of this syndrome have often been reported. Individuals with this disease have been described by various authors as having a prognathic mandible, an underdeveloped mandible, a small face, an elongated maxilla, an anteriorly positioned maxilla, a midface hypoplasia, and more. Only one cephalometric study of this syndrome exists and it was performed to study growth. The present study was designed to describe and quantify, through the use of cephalometric analysis, any facial and cranial variations in these patients. The study also attempted to describe the variations found in female heterozygotes. Nine hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patients and their families were studied. A total of 31 individuals participated. When the data obtained from the cephalometric measurements were grouped into probands, gene carriers (heterozygous females), and normals, it was found that certain variations did exist. The size and position of cranial base and the mandible in all three groups were within normal limits (±2 S.D.). The maxillae of the probands were significantly short, yet positioned normally. The gene carriers also showed this trend, but the results were not significant. Profiles (soft and hard tissue) were significantly concave in the proband and gene carrier groups due to a combined effect of altered maxillary and mandibular positions.
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    A Cephalometric Skeletal and Dental Analysis of Children with Excellent Occlusions
    (1962) Rosenbloum, Malcolm Louis
    A sample of twenty-five children with excellent occlusions between the ages of eight through eleven was collected. Cephalometric radiographs were taken of these children with the objective of obtaining normal standards for the purpose of compiling a cephalometric analysis especially applicable for diagnosis of malocclusions of the mixed dentition. A statistical analysis were performed on the data to calculate the means, ranges, standard deviations, and standard errors of the mean for each measurement. By the use of “t” tests, males were found to be significantly larger than females with respect to several linear measurements. However, there were no significant differences between males and females fore any of the angular measurements. No significant differences were found between this sample and Reidel’s sample; but, when compared to Downs’ sample, the upper and lower incisors of this sample were found to be significantly more protrusive. A correlation study of several pairs of measurements was also done. Significant positive correlations were found between the length of anterior cranial base and the length of the palate; and also between the lower facial height and the lower dental height. A significant negative correlation was found between the chin prominence and the angle of convexity.
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    A Cephalometric Skeletal and Dental Analysis of Selected Black American Children in the Indianapolis Area
    (1975) McDonald, Jeanne L.; Garner, LaForrest D.; Shanks, James C., Jr.; Arbuckle, Gordon R.; Potter, Rosario H.; Dirlam, James H.
    This study was conducted to obtain hard-tissue cephalometric standards for Black American children of twelve years of age. A sample of twenty-four Black American children from the Indianapolis area (thirteen boys and eleven girls} was analyzed and compared with the existing Denver (Caucasian} sample of comparable age. This study was conducted to obtain hard-tissue cephalometric standards for Black American children of twelve years of age. A sample of twenty-four Black American children from the Indianapolis area (thirteen boys and eleven girls} was analyzed and compared with the existing Denver (Caucasian} sample of comparable age. There were only eight measurements that showed no statistical difference from the White standards for both males and females: cranial flexure angle, gonial angle, mandibular plane angle, A-B(OP}, A-B(FH}, A-Pg(OP}, Y-axis angle, and cant of the occlusal plane. There were no significant differences between Black males and Black females. All the linear measurements were significantly larger for the Black sample, except for the chin button (which was significantly smaller in the Blacks}. There was a proportionally larger increase in the mandibular body over the ramus of the mandible in the Black sample; there was a proportionally larger increase in the lower facial height over the upper facial height. In the Black sample, the nasal floor converged upward anteriorly with respect to Frankfort Horizontal. The denture bases and lower face were more protrusive in Blacks; the incisors were more flared and bodily forward. Black patients, therefore, should not be compared to standards set up for Caucasians, but to a set of standards based on normals of their own ethnic group.