Browsing by Subject "Cardiovascular risk"

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    Correction to: Impact of a 2‑year trial of nutritional ketosis on indices of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes
    (Springer Nature, 2021-02-05) Athinarayanan, Shaminie J.; Hallberg, Sarah J.; McKenzie, Amy L.; Lechner, Katharina; King, Sarah; McCarter, James P.; Volek, Jeff S.; Phinney, Stephen D.; Krauss, Ronald M.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Correction to: Cardiovasc Diabetol (2020) 19:208 10.1186/s12933-020-01178-2 Following publication of the original article [1], the author noticed an error in the last sentence of "Lipid analyses" under Methods section. The last sentence should read, “ApoB: ApoA1 ratios were computed. Non-HDL cholesterol was calculated as total minus HDL cholesterol and remnant cholesterol was assessed as total cholesterol minus (HDL-cholesterol plus LDL-cholesterol)”. The original article has been corrected.
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    Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Renal Disease
    (MDPI, 2019-03-02) Aeddula, Narothama Reddy; Cheungpasitporn, Wisit; Thongprayoon, Charat; Pathireddy, Samata; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is derived from splanchnic mesoderm, localized anatomically between the myocardium and pericardial visceral layer, and surrounds the coronary arteries. Being a metabolically active organ, EAT secretes numerous cytokines, which moderate cardiovascular morphology and function. Through its paracrine and vasocrine secretions, EAT may play a prominent role in modulating cardiac function. EAT protects the heart in normal physiological conditions by secreting a variety of adipokines with anti-atherosclerotic properties, and in contrast, secretes inflammatory molecules in pathologic conditions that may play a dynamic role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases by promoting atherosclerosis. Considerable research has been focused on comparing the anatomical and biochemical features of EAT in healthy people, and a variety of disease conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and renal diseases. The global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal disease are high, and there is a paucity of concrete evidence and societal guidelines to detect early cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this group of patients. Here we performed a clinical review on the existing evidence and knowledge on EAT in patients with renal disease, to evaluate its application as a reliable, early, noninvasive biomarker and indicator for CVD, and to assess its significance in cardiovascular risk stratification.
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    Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Parati, Gianfranco; Stergiou, George S.; Bilo, Grzegorz; Kollias, Anastasios; Pengo, Martino; Ochoa, Juan Eugenio; Agarwal, Rajiv; Asayama, Kei; Asmar, Roland; Burnier, Michel; De La Sierra, Alejandro; Giannattasio, Cristina; Gosse, Philippe; Head, Geoffrey; Hoshide, Satoshi; Imai, Yutaka; Kario, Kazuomi; Li, Yan; Manios, Efstathios; Mant, Jonathan; McManus, Richard J.; Mengden, Thomas; Mihailidou, Anastasia S.; Muntner, Paul; Myers, Martin; Niiranen, Teemu; Ntineri, Angeliki; O'Brien, Eoin; Octavio, José Andres; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Omboni, Stefano; Padfield, Paul; Palatini, Paolo; Pellegrini, Dario; Postel-Vinay, Nicolas; Ramirez, Agustin J.; Sharman, James E.; Shennan, Andrew; Silva, Egle; Topouchian, Jirar; Torlasco, Camilla; Wang, Ji Guang; Weber, Michael A.; Whelton, Paul K.; White, William B.; Mancia, Giuseppe; Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH.
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    Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Parati, Gianfranco; Stergiou, George S.; Bilo, Grzegorz; Kollias, Anastasios; Pengo, Martino; Ochoa, Juan Eugenio; Agarwal, Rajiv; Asayama, Kei; Asmar, Roland; Burnier, Michel; De La Sierra, Alejandro; Giannattasio, Cristina; Gosse, Philippe; Head, Geoffrey; Hoshide, Satoshi; Imai, Yutaka; Kario, Kazuomi; Li, Yan; Manios, Efstathios; Mant, Jonathan; McManus, Richard J.; Mengden, Thomas; Mihailidou, Anastasia S.; Muntner, Paul; Myers, Martin; Niiranen, Teemu; Ntineri, Angeliki; O'Brien, Eoin; Octavio, José Andres; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Omboni, Stefano; Padfield, Paul; Palatini, Paolo; Pellegrini, Dario; Postel-Vinay, Nicolas; Ramirez, Agustin J.; Sharman, James E.; Shennan, Andrew; Silva, Egle; Topouchian, Jirar; Torlasco, Camilla; Wang, Ji Guang; Weber, Michael A.; Whelton, Paul K.; White, William B.; Mancia, Giuseppe; Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension; Medicine, School of Medicine
    The present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH.
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    Metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and artificial intelligence-based epicardial adipose tissue measures predict long-term risk of cardiac events: a prospective study
    (Springer Nature, 2021-01-29) Lin, Andrew; Wong, Nathan D.; Razipour, Aryabod; McElhinney, Priscilla A.; Commandeur, Frederic; Cadet, Sebastien J.; Gransar, Heidi; Chen, Xi; Cantu, Stephanie; Miller, Robert J. H.; Nerlekar, Nitesh; Wong, Dennis T. L.; Slomka, Piotr J.; Rozanski, Alan; Tamarappoo, Balaji K.; Berman, Daniel S.; Dey, Damini; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Background: We sought to evaluate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and computed tomography (CT)-derived cardiometabolic biomarkers (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] and epicardial adipose tissue [EAT] measures) with long-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the prospective EISNER (Early-Identification of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Noninvasive Imaging Research) study of participants who underwent baseline coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring CT and 14-year follow-up for MACE (myocardial infarction, late revascularization, or cardiac death). EAT volume (cm3) and attenuation (Hounsfield units [HU]) were quantified from CT using fully automated deep learning software (< 30 s per case). NAFLD was defined as liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio < 1.0 and/or average liver attenuation < 40 HU. Results: In the final population of 2068 participants (59% males, 56 ± 9 years), those with MetS (n = 280;13.5%) had a greater prevalence of NAFLD (26.0% vs. 9.9%), higher EAT volume (114.1 cm3 vs. 73.7 cm3), and lower EAT attenuation (-76.9 HU vs. -73.4 HU; all p < 0.001) compared to those without MetS. At 14 ± 3 years, MACE occurred in 223 (10.8%) participants. In multivariable Cox regression, MetS was associated with increased risk of MACE (HR 1.58 [95% CI 1.10-2.27], p = 0.01) independently of CAC score; however, not after adjustment for EAT measures (p = 0.27). In a separate Cox analysis, NAFLD predicted MACE (HR 1.78 [95% CI 1.21-2.61], p = 0.003) independently of MetS, CAC score, and EAT measures. Addition of EAT volume to current risk assessment tools resulted in significant net reclassification improvement for MACE (22% over ASCVD risk score; 17% over ASCVD risk score plus CAC score). Conclusions: MetS, NAFLD, and artificial intelligence-based EAT measures predict long-term MACE risk in asymptomatic individuals. Imaging biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease have the potential for integration into routine reporting of CAC scoring CT to enhance cardiovascular risk stratification.
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    Red Hair Color is Associated with Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels among U.S. Women
    (Elsevier, 2021) Hartman, Rebecca I.; Tang, Huilin; Hang, Dong; Song, Mingyang; Nan, Hongmei; Li, Xin; Epidemiology, School of Public Health