Browsing by Subject "CDC"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Daily Situational Brief, February 16, 2015
    (MESH Coalition, 2/16/2015) MESH Coalition
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    Daily Situational Brief, January 6, 2015
    (MESH Coalition, 1/6/2015) MESH Coalition
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    Decreasing trend of gastroschisis prevalence in the United States from 2014 through 2022: Is attributed to declining birth rates in young, high-risk gravidae
    (Elsevier, 2025-02-12) Mustafa, Hiba J.; Zargarzadeh, Nikan; Moss, Kevin L.; Abiad, May; Gray, Brian; Aagaard, Kjersti M.; Buchmiller, Terry L.; Perrone, Erin E.; Shamshirsaz, Alireza A.; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health
    Objectives: To investigate the prevalence trend of gastroschisis in the United States between 2014 and 2022. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of the Centers for the United States live births between 2014 and 2022. Pregnancies and neonatal singleton live births with documented isolated gastroschisis were included. Neonates with other major congenital anomalies and known chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Prevalence per 10,000 live births along with 95 % confidence intervals was estimated. Results: Among 32,088,301 singleton live births, 6804 cases of isolated gastroschisis were identified (Point prevalence: 2 in 10,000 live births). A significant decline in gastroschisis prevalence was observed, decreasing from 2.86 per 10,000 live births in 2014-1.55 per 10,000 live births in 2022 (P < 0.001). The risk of gastroschisis was significantly higher in teen and nulliparous gravidae, with prepregnancy tobacco use, and among socially vulnerable populations (underweight, < 12th-grade education, Medicaid, non-Hispanic Indigenous Americans). The drop in gastroschisis births from 2014 to 2022, compared to non-gastroschisis births, is more significant in maternal age < 20 years, nulliparous, BMI < 18.5, and in smokers prior to pregnancy than in the overall population (P = 0.02, 0.0008, <0.0001, <0.0001, and 0.01 respectively). All of the associated maternal factors had a significant decline in prevalence (P < 0.001), which may influence the decreasing trend of gastroschisis. There was no perceived considerable impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gastroschisis trends. Conclusions: The study highlights a notable decline in gastroschisis prevalence mostly attributable to a declining birth rate in the highest at-risk strata, suggesting recent increases in birth rates among these at-risk gravidae may reverse the trend of declining gastroschisis disease prevalence. These findings support the need for ongoing further research to understand effective means of sustaining this decreasing trend.
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    Diagnosis and Management of Uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in Adolescents and Adults: Summary of Evidence Reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines
    (Oxford University Press, 2022) Geisler, William M.; Hocking, Jane S.; Darville, Toni; Batteiger, Byron E.; Brunham, Robert C.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    To prepare for the development of the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, the CDC convened a committee of expert consultants in June 2019 to discuss recent abstracts and published literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of sexually transmitted infections.This paper summarizes the key questions, evidence, and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in adolescents and adults that were reviewed and discussed for consideration in developing the guidelines. The evidence reviewed mostly focused on efficacy of doxycycline and azithromycin for urogenital, rectal, and oropharyngeal CT infection, CT risk factors in women, performance of CT nucleic acid amplification tests on self-collected meatal specimens in men, and performance of newer CT point-of-care tests.
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    Why COVID-19 immunity passports may violate US law
    (The Conversation US, Inc., 2020-05-27) Mohapatra, Seema; Robert H. McKinney School of Law