Browsing by Subject "Body-weight trajectory"

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    Pre-Treatment and During-Treatment Weight Trajectories in Black and White Women
    (Elsevier, 2022) Schneider-Worthington, Camille R.; Kinsey, Amber W.; Tan, Fei; Zhang, Sheng; Borgatti, Alena; Davis, Andrea; Dutton, Gareth R.; Mathematical Sciences, School of Science
    Introduction: Black participants often lose less weight than White participants in response to behavioral weight-loss interventions. Many participants experience significant pretreatment weight fluctuations (between baseline measurement and treatment initiation), which have been associated with treatment outcomes. Pretreatment weight gain has been shown to be more prevalent among Black participants and may contribute to racial differences in treatment responses. The purpose of this study was to (1) examine the associations between pretreatment weight change and treatment outcomes and (2) examine racial differences in pretreatment weight change and weight loss among Black and White participants. Methods: Participants were Black and White women (n=153, 60% Black) enrolled in a 4-month weight loss program. Weight changes occurring during the pretreatment period (41 ± 14 days) were categorized as weight stable (±1.15% of baseline weight), weight gain (≥+1.15%), or weight loss (≤-1.15%). Recruitment and data collection occurred from 2011 to 2015; statistical analyses were performed in 2021. Results: During the pretreatment period, most participants (56%) remained weight stable. Pretreatment weight trajectories did not differ by race (p=0.481). At 4-months, those who lost weight before treatment experienced 2.63% greater weight loss than those who were weight stable (p<0.005), whereas those who gained weight before treatment experienced 1.91% less weight loss (p<0.01). Conclusions: Pretreatment weight changes can impact weight outcomes after initial treatment, although no differences between Black and White participants were observed. Future studies should consider the influence of pretreatment weight change on long-term outcomes (e.g., weight loss maintenance) along with potential racial differences in these associations.
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    Prediagnostic BMI trajectories in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial
    (Wiley, 2022) Hoyt, Margaret; Song, Yiqing; Gao, Sujuan; O’Palka, Jacquelynn; Zhang, Jianjun; Epidemiology, School of Public Health
    Objective: It remains elusive whether prediagnostic BMI trajectory is associated with pancreatic cancer. Methods: This study investigated this question among 145,489 participants who gave rise to 696 incident cases of pancreatic cancer over a median follow-up of 12 years in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. At baseline, participants were asked to recall their weight at ages 20, 50, and 55 to 74 years (at enrollment), as well as their height. Results: At age 50 years, people with obesity had a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared with those with a normal weight after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.27 [1.01-1.60]). Individuals who had overweight at age 20 years experienced a marginally significant elevated risk of pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.22 [0.99-1.50]). Compared with individuals who maintained a steady normal weight during follow-up, no significantly altered risk of pancreatic cancer was observed for those whose weight status changed from normal weight to overweight, from normal weight to obesity, and from overweight to obesity. Conclusions: The present study revealed that prediagnostic adulthood BMI trajectory was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk, but overweight at young adulthood and obesity at middle adulthood may confer an elevated risk of this malignancy.