Browsing by Subject "Black or African American"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Author Response to Reader's Comments to Fitzgerald Jones et al., Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Delivering Antiracist Care to Black Americans (DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0502)
    (Mary Ann Liebert, 2022) Jones, Katie Fitzgerald; Laury, Esther; Sanders, Justin; Starr, Lauren T.; Rosa, William E.; Booker, Staja Q.; Wachterman, Melissa; Jones, Christopher A.; Hickman, Susan; Merlin, Jessica S.; Meghani, Salimah H.; School of Nursing
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    Examining How Black Women Medical Students Rate Their Experiences with Medical School Mistreatment on the Aamc Graduate Questionnaire
    (Ubiquity Press, 2024-04-29) Sharp, Sacha; Priddie, Christen; Clarke, Ashley H.; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Introduction: Few researchers have examined how medical student mistreatment varies by race/ethnicity and gender, specifically highlighting Black women's experiences. Moreover, researchers often fail to use theoretical frameworks when examining the experiences of minoritized populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of mistreatment US Black women medical students experience and how this compared to other students underrepresented in medicine (URiM) using intersectionality as a theoretical framework. Methods: We used the Association of American Medical Colleges Graduate Questionnaire (GQ) as the data source for examining descriptive statistics and frequencies. We examined differences between US Black women (N = 2,537) and other URiM students (N = 7,863) with Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The results from this study highlighted that most Black women medical students did not experience mistreatment, yet a higher proportion of these trainees reported experiencing gendered (χ2(1) = 28.59, p < .01) and racially/ethnically (χ2(1) = 2935.15, p < .01) offensive remarks at higher frequency than their URiM counterparts. We also found US Black women medical students infrequently (27.3%) reported mistreatment from a lack of confidence for advocacy on their behalf, fear of reprisal, and seeing the incident as insignificant. Discussion: A paucity of research exists on Black women medical students and even less using relevant theoretical frameworks such as intersectionality. Failure to extract Black women's experiences exacerbates alienation, invisibility, and inappropriate attention to their mistreatment.
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    How Much Do You Drink on Your Heavy Drinking Day?
    (Elsevier, 2019) Edenberg, Howard J.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
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    Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Heart Failure: Current State and Future Directions
    (Wolters Kluwer, 2021) Lewsey, Sabra C.; Breathett, Khadijah; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Purpose of review: This review discusses the current state of racial and ethnic inequities in heart failure burden, outcomes, and management. This review also frames considerations for bridging disparities to optimize quality heart failure care across diverse communities. Recent findings: Treatment options for heart failure have diversified and overall heart failure survival has improved with the advent of effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies. With increased recognition, some racial/ethnic disparity gaps have narrowed whereas others in heart failure outcomes, utilization of therapies, and advanced therapy access persist or worsen. Summary: Racial and ethnic minorities have the highest incidence, prevalence, and hospitalization rates from heart failure. In spite of improved therapies and overall survival, the mortality disparity gap in African American patients has widened over time. Racial/ethnic inequities in access to cardiovascular care, utilization of efficacious guideline-directed heart failure therapies, and allocation of advanced therapies may contribute to disparate outcomes. Strategic and earnest interventions considering social and structural determinants of health are critically needed to bridge racial/ethnic disparities, increase dissemination, and implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures, and collectively improve the health and longevity of patients with heart failure.
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    Testing the Effect of Culturally Targeted, Normative Messaging on Black Women's Intentions to Participate in a Breast Cancer Clinical Trial
    (2023-07) Ridley-Merriweather, Katherine Ellen; Head, Katharine J.; Ashburn-Nardo, Leslie; Brann, Maria; Côté, Michele L.; Longtin, Krista
    Despite increasing disease incidence and remarkably high mortality rates, Black women are underrepresented in breast cancer (BC) clinical trials (CTs), likely limiting the generalizability of BC research findings to Black patients. Evidence demonstrates that the BC research community could exert more effort to ensure the recruitment of Black women into CTs. Although Black and white women have similar BC incidence rates, Black women are 40% more likely than all other races and ethnicities to die of the disease. Clear disparities exist even after controlling for socioeconomic inequalities. Black participation in CTs has been declining, which is particularly unfortunate given the increasing health problem of a lack of Black representation in medical research. Successfully swelling the percentages of Black women who participate in BC research is important and likely reliant on increasing group members’ motivations to surmount existing historical, cultural, and social barriers. Guided by normative and cultural theoretical frameworks, this study examined the effects of culturally informed messaging on Black women’s intention to participate in a CT focused on BC prevention. Six hundred thirty-five Black women aged 18 and over were recruited through Qualtrics to participate in an online, posttest only, control-group design message testing study using random assignment to condition (the control or one of four injunctive-, descriptive-, and/or legacy norm-focused messages). They answered survey questions designed to measure the messages’ effects on the women’s intention to participate in the CT. The study employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression and yielded statistically nonsignificant results; none of the four hypotheses were supported. However, the findings trended overall toward having higher probability of intending to perform the behavior (overall intention M = 3.35). All conditions had means higher than three (out of a five-point scale). A practical implication is that message content is affected by the medium through which it is delivered. Theoretical implications include the importance of overlaying cultural factors onto normative theories. Given that previous successful recruitment methods to this CT for this population were grounded in research practices involving face-to-face, interpersonal interactions, future research should consider employing a multi-level approach in testing these messages.