Browsing by Subject "Biomaterials"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
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    Advanced biomaterials for periodontal tissue regeneration
    (Wiley, 2022) Daghrery, Arwa; Bottino, Marco C.; Biomedical and Applied Sciences, School of Dentistry
    The periodontium is a suitable target for regenerative intervention, since it does not functionally restore itself after disease. Importantly, the limited regeneration capacity of the periodontium could be improved with the development of novel biomaterials and therapeutic strategies. Of note, the regenerative potential of the periodontium depends not only on its tissue‐specific architecture and function, but also on its ability to reconstruct distinct tissues and tissue interfaces, suggesting that the advancement of tissue engineering approaches can ultimately offer new perspectives to promote the organized reconstruction of soft and hard periodontal tissues. Here, we discuss material‐based, biologically active cues, and the application of innovative biofabrication technologies to regenerate the multiple tissues that comprise the periodontium.
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    Advanced Scaffolds for Dental Pulp and Periodontal Regeneration
    (Elsevier, 2017-10) Bottino, Marco C.; Pankajakshan, Divya; Nör, Jacques E.; Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, School of Dentistry
    No current therapy promotes root canal disinfection and regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex in cases of pulp necrosis. Antibiotic pastes used to eradicate canal infection negatively affect stem cell survival. Three-dimensional easy-to-fit antibiotic-eluting nanofibers, combined with injectable scaffolds, enriched or not with stem cells and/or growth factors, may increase the likelihood of achieving predictable dental pulp regeneration. Periodontitis is an aggressive disease that impairs the integrity of tooth-supporting structures and may lead to tooth loss. The latest advances in membrane biomodification to endow needed functionalities and technologies to engineer patient-specific membranes/constructs to amplify periodontal regeneration are presented.
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    Biomechanics and Biomaterials Research Center
    (Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, 2013-04-05) Yokota, Hiroki; Xie, Dong
    The Biomechanics and Biomaterials Research Center (BBRC) was founded in 1991 and reactivated in the current form in 2012. Through a collaborative effort from School of Engineering and Technology, School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, School of Science, and School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, the Center is to strengthen a national presence in the emerging areas of Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering, and Biomaterials. The main aim of BBRC is to enhance our competitiveness for research grants by fostering new research collaborations among established investigators as well as new investigators. In particular, we coordinate efforts to obtain multi-PI research grants from federal agencies including NIH, NSF, NASA, and DOD, as well as center grants, and training programs. Funds at BBRC are used to seed pilot projects, support students, provide shared equipment, and invite seminar speakers for developing multidisciplinary and multi-school research programs. The following pilot projects were funded (95K in total) in 2013. • Development of NIAMS P30 • Development of novel oral stable dental resin composite • FRET-based analysis of mechanotransduction of joint cells • Stat3 and mitochondrial activity in mechanotransduction • Synthetic niche for in vitro culture of pancreatic cancer cells • Mechanical stimulation, fracture resistance and fracture healing in bone • Integration of spatial and temporal respiratory motion in adaptive proton therapy delivery
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    Creating Structured Hydrogel Microenvironments for Regulating Stem Cell Differentiation
    (MDPI, 2020-12) Mills, David K.; Luo, Yangyang; Elumalai, Anusha; Esteve, Savannah; Karnik, Sonali; Yao, Shaomian; Mechanical and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology
    The development of distinct biomimetic microenvironments for regulating stem cell behavior and bioengineering human tissues and disease models requires a solid understanding of cell–substrate interactions, adhesion, and its role in directing cell behavior, and other physico-chemical cues that drive cell behavior. In the past decade, innovative developments in chemistry, materials science, microfabrication, and associated technologies have given us the ability to manipulate the stem cell microenvironment with greater precision and, further, to monitor effector impacts on stem cells, both spatially and temporally. The influence of biomaterials and the 3D microenvironment’s physical and biochemical properties on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and matrix production are the focus of this review chapter. Mechanisms and materials, principally hydrogel and hydrogel composites for bone and cartilage repair that create “cell-supportive” and “instructive” biomaterials, are emphasized. We begin by providing an overview of stem cells, their unique properties, and their challenges in regenerative medicine. An overview of current fabrication strategies for creating instructive substrates is then reviewed with a focused discussion of selected fabrication methods with an emphasis on bioprinting as a critical tool in creating novel stem cell-based biomaterials. We conclude with a critical assessment of the current state of the field and offer our view on the promises and potential pitfalls of the approaches discussed.
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    Developing Novel Antibacterial Dental Filling Composite Restoratives
    (2020-05) Caneli, Gulsah; Xie, Dong; Anderson, Gregory; Na, Sungsoo
    A novel antimicrobial dental composite system has been developed and evaluated. Both alumina and zirconia filler particles were covalently coated with an antibacterial resin and blended into a composite formulation, respectively. Surface hardness and bacterial viability were used to evaluate the coated alumina fi ller-modif ed composite. Compressive strength and bacterial viability were used to evaluate the coated zirconia ller-modi ed composite. Commercial composite Kerr was used as control. The specimens were conditioned in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h prior to testing. Four bacterial species Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli were used to assess the bacterial viability. Effects of antibacterial moiety content, modif ed particle size and loading, and total fi ller content was investigated. Chapter 2 describes how we studied and evaluated the composite modi fed with antibacterial resin-coated alumina llers. The results showed that almost all the modi ed composites exhibited higher antibacterial activity along with improved surface hardness, as compared to unmodi fed one. Increasing antibacterial moiety content, particle size and loading, and total fi ller content generally increased surface hardness. Increasing antibacterial moiety, fi ller loading, and total fi ller content increased antibacterial activity. On the other hand, increasing particle size showed a negative impact on antibacterial activity. The leaching tests indicate that the modiChapter 3 describes how we studied and evaluated the composite modif ed with antibacterial resin-coated zirconia fi ller. The results showed that almost all the modif ed composites exhibited higher antibacterial activity along with decreased compressive strength, as compared to the unmodif ed control. It was found that with increasing antibacterial moiety content and modi fedfi ller loading, yield strength, modulus and compressive strength of the composite were decreased. In addition, the strengths of the composite were increased with increasing powder/liquid ratio. On the other hand, with increasing antibacterial moiety content, fi ller loading and powder/liquid ratio, antibacterial activity was enhanced. In summary, we have developed a novel antibacterial dental composite system for improved dental restoratives. Both composites modif ed with the antibacterial resin-coated alumina and zirconia fi ller have demonstrated signi cant antibacterial activities. The composite modi fed with the alumina fi ller showed improved hardness values, but the composite modif ed with the zirconia fi ller showed decreased compressive strength values. It appears that the developed system is a non-leaching antibacterial dental composite. ed experimental composite showed no leachable antibacterial component to bacteria.
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    Early failure of sequentially annealed polyethylene in total knee arthroplasty
    (Elsevier, 2020-01-09) Sonn, Kevin A.; Meneghini, R. Michael; Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine
    Improvements in the processing of polyethylene have led to a dramatic reduction in wear rates in total hip arthroplasty. This led to the adoption of modern highly cross-linked polyethylene in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the differences in modes of wear and failure between total hip arthroplasty and TKA have tempered expectations regarding similar decreases in polyethylene-related complications in TKA. We present a case of early catastrophic failure of a modern sequentially irradiated and annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene insert only 5 years after contemporary cementless TKA.
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    Impact of curcumin loading on the physicochemical, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of a methacrylate-based experimental dental resin
    (Springer Nature, 2022-11-04) Comeau, Patricia; Panariello, Beatriz; Duarte, Simone; Manso, Adriana; Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry
    Oral biofilms are directly linked to one of the most common chronic human diseases, dental caries. Resin-based dental materials have significant potential to replace amalgam, however they lack sufficient antimicrobial power. This innovative study investigates a curcumin-loaded dental resin which can be utilized in an antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) approach. The study evaluated the effects of curcumin loading on resin physicochemical, mechanical, and adhesive properties, as well as the antimicrobial response associated with blue light activation. Preliminary tests involving degree of conversion (DC) and sample integrity determined the optimal loading of curcumin to be restricted to 0.05 and 0.10 wt%. These optimal loadings were tested for flexural strength (FS), water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL), shear bond strength to dentin (SBS), and viability of Streptococcus mutans under 14.6 J/cm2 blue light or dark conditions, in 6 h and 24 h biofilms. The results demonstrated that 0.10 wt% curcumin had minimal impact on either FS or SBS, but detectably increased WS and SL. A 2 log10 (CFU/mL) reduction in S. mutans after light application in both 6 h and 24 h biofilms were corroborated by CLSM imaging and highlighted the significant potential of this novel aPDT approach with resin-based dental materials.
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    Impact of Needle Selection on Survival of Muscle-Derived Cells When Used for Laryngeal Injections
    (Longdom Publishing, 2023) Awonusi, Oluwaseyi; Harbin, Zachary J.; Brookes, Sarah; Zhang, Lujuan; Kaefer, Samuel; Morrison, Rachel A.; Newman, Sharlé; Voytik-Harbin, Sherry; Halum, Stacey; Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine
    Objective: To describe how differing injector needles and delivery vehicles impact Autologous Muscle-Derived Cell (AMDC) viability when used for laryngeal injection. Methods: In this study, adult porcine muscle tissue was harvested and used to create AMDC populations. While controlling cell concentration (1 × 107 cells/ml), AMDCs including Muscle Progenitor Cells (MPCs) or Motor Endplate Expressing Cells (MEEs) were suspended in either phosphate-buffered saline or polymerizable (in-situ scaffold forming) type I oligomeric collagen solution. Cell suspensions were then injected through 23- and 27-gauge needles of different lengths at the same rate (2 ml/min) using a syringe pump. Cell viability was measured immediately after injection and 24- and 48-hours post-injection, and then compared to baseline cell viability prior to injection. Results: The viability of cells post-injection was not impacted by needle length or needle gauge but was significantly impacted by the delivery vehicle. Overall, injection of cells using collagen as a delivery vehicle maintained the highest cell viability. Conclusion: Needle gauge, needle length, and delivery vehicle are important factors that can affect the viability of injected cell populations. These factors should be considered and adapted to improve injectable MDC therapy outcomes when used for laryngeal applications.
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    Novel Therapeutics: Can Hydrogels Work to Treat Kidney Disease?
    (Karger, 2023) Soranno, Danielle E.; Rodell, Christopher B.; Pediatrics, School of Medicine
    Background: Hydrogels are water-swollen networks that can be made from a variety of natural and synthetic polymers. Numerous chemistries can be utilized to formulate hydrogels that are injectable, enabling facile in situ delivery of therapeutics such as cytokines or cells. Summary: Cells delivered via injectable hydrogels survive injection better than cells injected in saline or media suspension. Several materials have been used to investigate the use of injectable hydrogels to treat animal models of kidney disease. Species studied to date include mice and rats. This review summarizes the various materials, encapsulated therapeutic payloads, and preclinical models of kidney disease employed to investigate hydrogel injection. Transcutaneous measurements of glomerular filtration rate have demonstrated that delivery of hydrogels under the kidney capsule does not impair kidney function. Key messages: Studies to date have shown the safety and efficacy of hydrogel therapies to treat kidney disease, and numerous studies have demonstrated that hydrogel therapy alone reduces inflammation and fibrosis.
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    Platform Technologies for Regenerative Endodontics from Multifunctional Biomaterials to Tooth-on-a-Chip Strategies
    (Springer, 2021) Soares, Diana G.; Bordini, Ester A. F.; Swanson, W. Benton; de Souza Costa, Carlos A.; Bottino, Marco C.; Biomedical and Applied Sciences, School of Dentistry
    Objectives: The aim of this review is to highlight recent progress in the field of biomaterials-mediated dental pulp tissue engineering. Specifically, we aim to underscore the critical design criteria of biomaterial platforms that are advantageous for pulp tissue engineering, discuss models for preclinical evaluation, and present new and innovative multifunctional strategies that hold promise for clinical translation. Materials and methods: The current article is a comprehensive overview of recent progress over the last 5 years. In detail, we surveyed the literature in regenerative pulp biology, including novel biologic and biomaterials approaches, and those that combined multiple strategies, towards more clinically relevant models. PubMed searches were performed using the keywords: "regenerative dentistry," "dental pulp regeneration," "regenerative endodontics," and "dental pulp therapy." Results: Significant contributions to the field of regenerative dentistry have been made in the last 5 years, as evidenced by a significant body of publications. We chose exemplary studies that we believe are progressive towards clinically translatable solutions. We close this review with an outlook towards the future of pulp regeneration strategies and their clinical translation. Conclusions: Current clinical treatments lack functional and predictable pulp regeneration and are more focused on the treatment of the consequences of pulp exposure, rather than the restoration of healthy dental pulp. Clinical relevance: Clinically, there is great demand for bioinspired biomaterial strategies that are safe, efficacious, and easy to use, and clinicians are eager for their clinical translation. In particular, we place emphasis on strategies that combine favorable angiogenesis, mineralization, and functional tissue formation, while limiting immune reaction, risk of microbial infection, and pulp necrosis.