Browsing by Subject "Beta-cell function"

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    Association of Glycemia with Insulin Sensitivity and β-cell Function in Adults with Early Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin Alone
    (Elsevier, 2021) Utzschneider, Kristina M.; Younes, Naji; Rasouli, Neda; Barzilay, Joshua; Banerji, Mary Ann; Cohen, Robert M.; Gonzalez, Erica V.; Mather, Kieren J.; Ismail-Beigi, Faramarz; Raskin, Philip; Wexler, Deborah J.; Lachin, John M.; Kahn, Steven E.; GRADE Research Group; Medicine, School of Medicine
    Aims: Evaluate the relationship between measures of glycemia with β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in adults with early type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis evaluated baseline data from 3108 adults with T2DM <10 years treated with metformin alone enrolled in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study. Insulin and C-peptide responses and insulin sensitivity were calculated from 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests. Regression models evaluated the relationships between glycemic measures (HbA1c, fasting and 2-hour glucose), measures of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity. Results: Insulin and C-peptide responses were inversely associated with insulin sensitivity. Glycemic measures were inversely associated with insulin and C-peptide responses adjusted for insulin sensitivity. HbA1c demonstrated modest associations with β-cell function (range: r −0.22 to −0.35). Fasting and 2-hour glucose were associated with early insulin and C-peptide responses (range: r −0.37 to −0.40) as well as late insulin and total insulin and C-peptide responses (range: r −0.50 to −0.60). Conclusion: Glycemia is strongly associated with β-cell dysfunction in adults with early T2DM treated with metformin alone. Efforts to improve glycemia should focus on interventions aimed at improving β-cell function.