Browsing by Subject "Aqueous humor"

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    Consensus Recommendation for Mouse Models of Ocular Hypertension to Study Aqueous Humor Outflow and Its Mechanisms
    (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2022) McDowell, Colleen M.; Kizhatil, Krishnakumar; Elliott, Michael H.; Overby, Darryl R.; van Batenburg-Sherwood, Joseph; Millar, J. Cameron; Kuehn, Markus H.; Zode, Gulab; Acott, Ted S.; Anderson, Michael G.; Bhattacharya, Sanjoy K.; Bertrand, Jacques A.; Borras, Terete; Bovenkamp, Diane E.; Cheng, Lin; Danias, John; De Ieso, Michael Lucio; Du, Yiqin; Faralli, Jennifer A.; Fuchshofer, Rudolf; Ganapathy, Preethi S.; Gong, Haiyan; Herberg, Samuel; Hernandez, Humberto; Humphries, Peter; John, Simon W.M.; Kaufman, Paul L.; Keller, Kate E.; Kelley, Mary J.; Kelly, Ruth A.; Krizaj, David; Kumar, Ajay; Leonard, Brian C.; Lieberman, Raquel L.; Liton, Paloma; Liu, Yutao; Liu, Katy C.; Lopez, Navita N.; Mao, Weiming; Mavlyutov, Timur; McDonnell, Fiona; McLellan, Gillian J.; Mzyk, Philip; Nartey, Andrews; Pasquale, Louis R.; Patel, Gaurang C.; Pattabiraman, Padmanabhan P.; Peters, Donna M.; Raghunathan, Vijaykrishna; Rao, Ponugoti Vasantha; Rayana, Naga; Raychaudhuri, Urmimala; Reina-Torres, Ester; Ren, Ruiyi; Rhee, Douglas; Chowdhury, Uttio Roy; Samples, John R.; Samples, E. Griffen; Sharif, Najam; Schuman, Joel S.; Sheffield, Val C.; Stevenson, Cooper H.; Soundararajan, Avinash; Subramanian, Preeti; Sugali, Chenna Kesavulu; Sun, Yang; Toris, Carol B.; Torrejon, Karen Y.; Vahabikashi, Amir; Vranka, Janice A.; Wang, Ting; Willoughby, Colin E.; Xin, Chen; Yun, Hongmin; Zhang, Hao F.; Fautsch, Michael P.; Tamm, Ernst R.; Clark, Abbot F.; Ethier, C. Ross; Stamer, W. Daniel; Ophthalmology, School of Medicine
    Due to their similarities in anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology to humans, mice are a valuable model system to study the generation and mechanisms modulating conventional outflow resistance and thus intraocular pressure. In addition, mouse models are critical for understanding the complex nature of conventional outflow homeostasis and dysfunction that results in ocular hypertension. In this review, we describe a set of minimum acceptable standards for developing, characterizing, and utilizing mouse models of open-angle ocular hypertension. We expect that this set of standard practices will increase scientific rigor when using mouse models and will better enable researchers to replicate and build upon previous findings.
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    The Potential of Aqueous Humor Sampling in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Retinoblastoma
    (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO), 2024) Muniyandi, Anbukkarasi; Jensen, Nathan R.; Devanathan, Nirupama; Dimaras, Helen; Corson, Timothy W.; Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine
    Retinoblastoma (RB) is a rare malignant tumor that arises in the developing retina in one or both eyes of children. Pathogenic variants of the RB1 tumor suppressor gene drive the majority of germline and sporadic RB tumors. Considering the risk of tumor spread, the biopsy of RB tumor tissue is contraindicated. Advancement of chemotherapy has led to preservation of more eye globes. However, this has reduced access to tumor material from enucleation specimens. Recently, liquid biopsy of aqueous humor (AH) has advanced the RB tumor- or eye-specific genetic analysis. In particular, nucleic acid analysis of AH demonstrates the genomic copy number profiles and RB1 pathogenic variants akin to that of enucleated RB eye tissue. This advance reduces the previous limitation that genetic assessment of the primary tumor could be done only after enucleation of the eye. Additionally, nucleic acid evaluation of AH allows the exploration of the genomic landscape of RB tumors at diagnosis and during and after treatment. This review explores how AH sampling and AH nucleic acid analysis in RB patients assist in diagnosis, prognosis, and comprehending the pathophysiology of RB, which will ultimately benefit individualized treatment decisions to carefully manage this ocular cancer in children.