Browsing by Subject "Appetite"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Acute Changes in Sleep Duration on Eating Behaviors and Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Overweight/Obese Adults
    (Taylor & Francis, 2015) Hart, Chantelle N.; Carskadon, Mary A.; Demos, Kathryn E.; Van Reen, Eliza; Sharkey, Katherine M.; Raynor, Hollie A.; Considine, Robert V.; Jones, Richard N.; Wing, Rena R.; Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine
    There is considerable interest in the role of sleep in weight regulation, yet few studies have examined this relationship in overweight/obese (OW/OB) adults. Using a within-subject, counterbalanced design, 12 OW/OB women were studied in lab with two nights of short (5 hr time in bed [TIB]) and two nights of long (9 hr TIB) sleep. Hunger, consumption at a buffet, and fasting hormone levels were obtained. Significant polysomnographic differences occurred between conditions in total sleep time and sleep architecture (ps < .001). Percent energy from protein at the buffet increased following short sleep. No differences were observed for total energy intake or measured hormones. Further research is needed to determine how lengthening sleep impacts weight regulation in OW/OB adults.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Nutritional Challenges of Cancer Cachexia
    (Wiley, 2021) Gaafer, Omnia U.; Zimmers, Teresa A.; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine
    Cancer cachexia, or progressive weight loss often despite adequate nutrition, contributes greatly to cancer morbidity and mortality. Cachexia is metabolically distinct from starvation or protein malnutrition, though many patients with cancer and cachexia exhibit lowered appetite and food consumption. Tumors affect neural mechanisms regulating appetite and energy expenditure, while promoting wasting of peripheral tissues via catabolism of cardiac and skeletal muscle, adipose, and bone. These multi-modal actions of tumors on the host suggest a need for multi-modal interventions. However, multiple recent consensus guidelines for management of cancer cachexia differ in treatment recommendations, highlighting the lack of effective, available therapies. Challenges to defining appropriate nutritional or other interventions for cancer cachexia include lack of consensus on definitions, low strength of evidence from clinical trials, and a scarcity of robust, rigorous, and mechanistic studies. However, efforts to diagnose, stage and monitor cachexia are increasing along with clinical trial activity. As well, preclinical models for cancer cachexia are growing more sophisticated, encompassing a greater number of tumor types in organ-appropriate contexts and for metastatic disease in order to model the clinical condition more accurately. It is expected that continued growth, investment, and coordination of research in this topic will ultimately yield robust biomarkers, clinically useful classification and staging algorithms, targetable pathways, pivotal clinical trials, and ultimately, cures. Here we provide an overview of the clinical and scientific knowledge and its limitations around cancer cachexia.